环境影响评价制度改革及地方实践检视  

The Reform of Environmental Impact Assessment and Its Local Practice in China

作　　者：朱炳成[1] 王灿发[1] ZHU Bingcheng;WANG Canfa(China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,北京100088

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2022年第4期38-41,共4页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：司法部2020年度国家法治与法学理论研究中青年项目——“放管服”背景下环境影响后评价制度研究(20SFB3025)。

摘　　要：我国环境影响评价制度(以下简称“环评制度”)历经40余年的发展,在预防环境风险方面发挥着关键作用。经过制度建立初期、制度转型期和制度优化期3个阶段的发展,环评制度逐步健全完善。在各地环评制度改革实践过程中,环评审批和事中事后监管暴露出一些问题,尤其是在缺少法律依据的情况下,地方改革中涉及的环评审批权下放、环评审批模式和执法措施的调整在一定程度上增加了行政复议和行政诉讼风险。为此,可从推动环评制度体系化建设、完善环评审批和加强事中事后监管3个层面,推动环评制度完成从单一强调源头控制到关注环境管理全过程的重大转型。China’s Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA)system has been playing a key role in preventing environmental risks for more than40 years.China’s EIA system has been gradually improved and perfected through the three stages of system establishment,system transformation and system optimization.During the reform and practice of EIA system in various regions,some problems on EIA approval,in-process and postsupervision have been exposed,especially because of lack of legal basis,such measures as the decentralization of EIA approval authority,adjustment of EIA approval mode and law enforcement increased the legal risks of administrative reconsideration and litigation.For this purpose,it is suggested to promote forming a complete EIA system,improve the approval procedure and strengthening the in-process and post-supervision for the purpose of promoting a major transformation from a simple source control to a whole-process administration.

关 键 词：环境影响评价制度 环评制度改革 规划环评 建设项目环评 

分 类 号：X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]