抽水蓄能发电电动机磁极引线及连接线典型结构及故障分析  

Analysis of Typical Structures and Faults of Inter-pole Connection and Lead of Field Winding in Pumped Storage Units

作　　者：卢伟甫 张飞 郝国文 夏斌强 赵晓琳 LU Weifu;ZHANG Fei;HAO Guowen;XIA Binqiang;ZHAO Xiaolin(Pumped-storage Technological&Economic Research Institute State Grid Xinyuan Company Ltd.,Beijing 100761,China;State Grid Xinyuan Company Ltd.,Beijing 100052,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院,北京100761 [2]国网新源控股有限公司,北京100052

出　　处：《大电机技术》2022年第4期23-28,共6页Large Electric Machine and Hydraulic Turbine

基　　金：国网新源公司科技项目资助:发电电动机磁极引线及连接线设计安全评估方法研究(52573017000D);可变速发电电动机电磁振动特性研究(52573021N00E)。

摘　　要：在发电电动机高转速、双转向、频繁启停等运行条件下,转子磁极极间连接线和磁极引出线逐渐暴露出一系列问题。本文从连接方式、固定形式和引出方式等方面对抽水蓄能发电电动机磁极引线及连接线结构进行了分析,得到五种典型连接线结构:切向连接、直角铜排引出整体铜排平铺磁轭的U型连接、直角铜排引出整体铜排垂直磁轭的U型连接、直角铜排引出分体铜排平铺磁轭的U型连接、多匝铜片引出分体铜排平铺磁轭的U型连接,得到三种磁极引线结构:螺栓把合穿轴铜棒、端面压接穿轴铜棒、穿轴铜排,并从这几种典型结构常见故障对各结构的薄弱点进行了研究,得出直角铜排容易发生熔断,多匝铜片有撕裂风险,切向连接和整体铜排平铺磁轭U型连接易发生绝缘破损故障;穿轴铜棒较穿轴铜排易发生螺栓松动烧损故障。最后提出磁极引线及连接线设计及运维建议,有利于保证机组安全稳定运行。Under the operating conditions of high speed,double steering and frequent start and stop of the generator motor,a series of problems are gradually exposed in the inter-pole connection and lead of field winding.In this paper,the structures of inter-pole connection and lead of field winding in pumped storage units are analyzed from the aspects of connection mode,fixed form and extraction mode.Five typical connection structures are obtained,i.e.,tangential connection,U-shaped connection with right angle copper busbar leading and integral copper busbar laying on yoke,U-shaped connection with right angle copper busbar leading and integral copper busbar perpendicular to yoke,U-shaped connection with right angle copper busbar leading and split copper busbar laying on yoke,and U-shaped structure with multi-turn copper sheet leading and split copper busbar laying on yoke.Three lead of field winding structures are obtained,i.e.,copper rod bolt jointed through shaft,copper rod through shaft with end face pressed,copper busbar through shaft.The weak points of each typical structure are studied from the common faults.Results show that the right-angle copper row is prone to fuse,and the multi-turn copper sheet has the risk of tearing,the tangential connection and the U-shaped connection of the integral copper busbar are prone to insulation damage,and the copper rod through shaft is more prone to bolt loosening and burning failure than copper busbar through shaft.Finally,the design and operation and maintenance suggestions of inter-pole connection and lead of field winding are put forward to ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit.

关 键 词：发电电动机 磁极引线 磁极连接线 熔断故障 

分 类 号：TM32[电气工程—电机]