寄生蠕虫外泌体及其功能的研究进展  

Research advances on exosome and its functions to parasitic helminths

作　　者：潘筱雯 吴银娟 何晴 殷颖璇 李学荣 PAN Xiao-wen;WU Yin-juan;HE Qing;YIN Ying-xuan;LI Xue-rong(Department of Parasitology,Zhongshan School of Medicine,Sun Yat-sen University,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Prevention and Control,Ministry of Education,Sun Yat-sen University,Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Biological Vector Control,China Atomic Energy Authority Center of Excellence on Nuclear Technology Applications for Insect Control,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学中山医学院寄生虫学教研室,中山大学教育部热带病防治研究重点实验室,广东省媒介生物防控工程技术研究中心,国家原子能机构核技术(昆虫不育)研发中心,广州510080

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2022年第3期390-395,共6页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300801,2020YFC1200100);广东省自然科学基金(2022A1515012560,2019A1515010583)。

摘　　要：外泌体是一类由多种活细胞分泌的双层囊泡状小体,含有多种重要生物活性物质,如蛋白质、脂质和核酸等,参与介导细胞间的信息交流、免疫调节等重要生理过程。寄生虫来源的外泌体在寄生虫-宿主的相互作用中发挥重要作用,可通过各种机制调节宿主的免疫应答,实现对宿主细胞功能的调控,是寄生虫与寄生虫、寄生虫与宿主相互作用的重要媒介。本文就近年来外泌体在吸虫、绦虫和线虫等寄生蠕虫中感染致病、免疫调控和免疫逃避等方面的研究作一综述,为研究寄生蠕虫外泌体及其功能提供参考。Exosomes are bilayer vesicular bodies secreted by a variety of variable cells,containing many important bioactive substances,including proteins,lipids and nucleic acids,which are involved in important physiological processes such as cell-to-cell communication and immune regulation.Exosomes from parasites play a critical role in parasite-host interaction,which can regulate the host immune response through various mechanisms and manipulate host cell function.It is an important medium for the interaction between parasite and parasite,as well as between parasite and host.This review has summarized the recent advances on the pathogenicity,immune regulation and immune evasion of exosomes in trematodes,nematodes and cestodes to help the study of exosomes in parasitic helminths.

关 键 词：蠕虫 外泌体 寄生虫-宿主相互作用 免疫调节 

分 类 号：R383[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]