2011—2020年四川省细菌性痢疾流行病学特征分析  

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：郝彩霞[1] 刘雅琼[1] 袁珩[1] 廖雪春[1] 刘伦光[1] HAO Cai-xia;LIU Ya-qiong;YUAN Heng;LIAO Xue-chun;LIU Lun-guang(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2022年第7期906-911,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2020年四川省细菌性痢疾流行特征,了解近十年四川省细菌性痢疾疫情概况,为下一阶段科学防控菌痢提供依据。方法从疾病监测信息报告管理系统中获取2011—2020年细菌性痢疾相关数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,不同年份发病率变化用χ_(趋势)^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2011—2020年四川省累计报告细菌性痢疾病例71459例,发病率8.77/10万。全年发病高峰为5-8月;5岁以下幼儿占病例总数的39.70%,1岁以下婴幼儿发病数最多,占病例总数的17.21%;散居儿童占病例总数的37.64%,其次是农民(31.66%)和学生(9.58%);地区发病水平差异明显,发病率居前3的依次是阿坝州,凉山州和攀枝花。结论2011—2020年四川省细菌性痢疾整体发病水平呈下降趋势,但重点地区防控形势依旧严峻,应加大对重点地区的重点人群,特别是民族地区婴幼儿看护人的健康教育,采取综合性预防措施有效控制细菌性痢疾的蔓延。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020;to understand the epidemic situation of bacillary dysentery in Sichuan Province in recent ten years;and to provide evidence for scientific prevention and control of this disease in the next stage.Methods The descriptive epidemiology methods were conducted to analyze the related data of bacillary dysentery in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020 from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,and chi-square trend test was used to detect the change of incidence rate in different years.P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results A total of 71459 cases of bacillary dysentery were reported in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2020.The incidence rate was 8.77/10^(5).One peak of incidence was observed every year from May to August.Children under 5 years old accounted for 39.70%of the total cases.Most cases occurred in infants under 1 year old,accounting for 17.21%of the total cases.Scattered children accounted for 37.64%,followed by farmers(31.66%)and students(9.58%).The incidence rates of different regions were significantly different.Aba Prefecture,Liangshan Prefecture and Panzhihua City ranked the top three in terms of incidence.Conclusions The incidence of bacillary dysentery in Sichuan Province showed a downward trend from 2011 to 2020.However,the situation in key areas remains grim.It is necessary to pay more attention to health education for key groups in key areas,especially for infant caregivers in ethnic areas.

关 键 词：细菌性痢疾 流行病学 流行特征 监测 疾病控制 

分 类 号：R516.4[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]