四倍体小麦株高和穗长性状的QTL定位及其遗传效应分析  

Detection of QTLs for Plant Height and Spike Length in Tetraploid Wheat and Analysis of Their Genetic Effect

作　　者：陈黄鑫 李聪 吴坤燕 王岳 牟杨 唐华苹 唐力为[3] 兰秀锦[1] 马建[1] CHEN Huangxin;LI Cong;WU Kunyan;WANG Yue;MU Yang;TANG Huaping;TANG Liwei;LAN Xiujin;MA Jian(Triticeae Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua,Sichuan 617061,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学小麦研究所,四川成都611130 [2]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130 [3]攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川攀枝花617061

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2022年第7期799-807,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：四川省国际合作交流基金项目(2021YFH0083);四川省应用基础研究计划项目(2021YJ0503)。

摘　　要：株高和穗长是影响小麦高产稳产的重要农艺性状。为进一步发掘控制株高和穗长的主效QTL,以硬粒小麦矮兰麦和野生二粒小麦LM001构建的F_(8)代重组自交系(RIL)群体为材料,基于小麦55K SNP芯片构建的遗传连锁图谱,并结合5年8个生态环境的株高和穗长表型数据,进行QTL定位和遗传解析。结果表明,在RIL群体中,株高和穗长均呈现正态分布,符合数量性状遗传特征。共检测到24个QTL,其中7个与株高相关,分布在2A、2B、4B、5A、6A和7A染色体上,可解释7.46%~20.03%的表型变异;17个与穗长相关,分布在2A、2B、3A、4A、4B、5A和6B染色体上,可解释6.52%~17.10%的表型变异。控制株高的QPh.sicau-AM-4B和QPh.sicau-AM-7A以及控制穗长的QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2和QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4能够同时在单环境和多环境分析中检测到,为稳定的主效QTL,分别解释了9.17%~20.03%、10.44%~14.48%、10.41%~16.29%和7.54%~11.70%的表型变异。此外,在RIL群体子代中存在超亲分离现象,进一步的QTL聚合效应分析表明,株高位点QPh.sicau-AM-4B和QPh.sicau-AM-7A的聚合或者穗长位点QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2和QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4的聚合均能极显著地提高株高和穗长表型,表明鉴定到的控制株高和穗长的QTL位点具有累加效应。Plant height(Ph)and spike length(Sl)are important agronomic traits to improve wheat yield.In order to further explore major and stable QTLs controlling Ph and Sl,QTL mapping and genetic analysis were performed on the F_(8) recombinant inbred lines(RIL population)developed by crossing a durum wheat Ailanmai(Triticum turgidum L.)and a wild emmer wheat LM001(T.turgidum ssp.dicoccoides)based on a genetic linkage map constructed by 55K SNP array in wheat,combined with the phenotype of Ph and Sl in eight environments over five years.The Ph and Sl showed continuous variation with approximately normal distribution,suggesting they were suitable for QTL analysis.A total of 24 QTLs were detected in the RIL population.Among them,seven QTLs controlling Ph were detected on chromosomes 2A,2B,4B,5A,6A and 7A,explaining 7.46%-20.03% of phenotypic variation(PVE);17 QTL controlling Sl were detected on chromosomes 2A,2B,3A,4A,4B,5A and 6B,explaining 6.52%-17.10% of PVE.QPh.sicau-AM-4B,QPh.sicau-AM-7A,QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2 and QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4 can be detected both in single and multi-environment analysis,suggesting that they were major and stable QTLs controlling Ph or Sl,explaining 9.17%-20.03%,10.44%-14.48%,10.41%-16.29% and 7.54%-11.70% of PVE,respectively.Moreover,QTL pyramiding indicated that the polymerization of QPh.sicau-AM-4B and QPh.sicau-AM-7A(controlling Ph)or QSl.sicau-AM-2B.2 and QSl.sicau-AM-4B.4(controlling Sl)significantly improved Ph or Sl,indicating the QTLs controlling Ph or Sl had an additive effect in the RIL population.That may be an important reason why there were many transgressive inheritances in offspring of RIL population.

关 键 词：硬粒小麦 野生二粒小麦 株高 穗长 QTL定位 QTL聚合 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330