平台反垄断规制理念转型的制度障碍及破解  

Institutional Obstacles and Solutions to the Transformation of the Regulation on Platform Antitrust

作　　者：薛克鹏[1] 赵鑫[2,3] Xue Kepeng;Zhao Xin

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088 [2]中国政法大学,北京100088 [3]比利时安特卫普大学

出　　处：《探索与争鸣》2022年第7期56-65,178,共11页Exploration and Free Views

摘　　要：数字经济为平台反垄断提出了新的技术难题,并敦促执法者反思传统经济领域反垄断的“路径依赖”,它们共同呼唤平台经济的规制理念转型。由事后规制向事前规制的管理预防化转型,由一般向个别领域的精细化转型,由静态向动态认定的灵活化转型,应成为平台规制的题中之义。但从实践来看,现有制度供给与规制理念转型的需求存在不匹配的现象,具体表现为平台反垄断规制事后向事前规制转型缺乏责任落实机制,一般化向特别化规制转型缺乏明晰义务分层,静态化向动态化规制转型缺乏科学认定方法等。为了弥合理念与制度之间的张力,应当以行政法规的方式进行专门立法,建构互联网平台的事前义务责任体系,推动事后规制向事前规制转型;为互联网平台设定基础性与裁量性结合的多层次义务群,促进一般化向特别化规制转型;加强平台分级认定标准与认定结果的动态化,推进静态化向动态化规制转型。Digital economy poses new technical difficulties for platform antitrust,and urges law enforcers to reflect on the “path dependence” of antitrust in traditional economic fields.Together,they call for the transformation of the platform economy’s regulatory concept,from post-regulation to pre-regulation management prevention,from general to individual fields refinement,and from static to dynamic identification fiexibility.However,the existing system supply and the demand of regulation concept transformation often mismatch.Thus,specialized legislation should be made by the means of department rules in order to construct the system of internet platforms’ responsibilities before the event and to perfect the regulation after the event transforming to before the event.Multi-layered obligation groups with fundamentality and discretion should be set in order to perfect the general regulation transforming to special regulation.The dynamic of the standards and results of platform classification should be strengthened in order to perfect the static regulation transforming to dynamic regulation.

关 键 词：平台经济 数字市场法案 结构主义 本身违法原则 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]