要素匹配、资本选择与乡村旅游合作社发展——基于外来资本与村社资源的博弈视角  

Elements Matching,Capital Selection and the Development of Rural Tourism Cooperatives:From a Game-theoretic Perspective of External Capital and Village Community Resources

作　　者：高强 鞠可心[1] GAO Qiang;JU Kexin

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学经济管理学院 [2]南京林业大学农村政策研究中心

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2022年第4期58-76,共19页China Rural Survey

基　　金：香港乐施会资助项目“乡村振兴视野下农民合作社多维功能与发展定位研究”(编号:XGLSH008);国家社会科学基金年度项目“多维视角下农民合作社功能发展演化机理与发展目标再定位研究”(编号:17BJY124)的资助。

摘　　要：作为联结乡村发展和旅游产业的有效载体,乡村旅游合作社在调动外来资本积极性和盘活村社资源等方面具有特殊优势。本文构建“要素匹配-资本选择-利益博弈-发展嵌入”的分析框架,结合不完全信息动态博弈理论,运用案例研究方法,分析要素匹配与资本选择对乡村旅游合作社发展的影响。研究主要得出以下结论:乡村旅游合作社在不同发展阶段呈现资本累积性、成员异质性和动态匹配性等特征;乡村旅游合作社基于各阶段的要素禀赋结构对资本进行选择,并由此决定了外来资本与村社资源在合作社不同发展阶段的地位;外来资本与村社资源在合作社不同发展阶段的合作模式各有优劣,这些合作模式反映了乡村旅游合作社的组织结构演进与内部动态博弈关系;在外来资本嵌入的过程中,乡村旅游合作社能否在保持自主性的基础上实现可持续发展,关键在于其是否形成促进外来资本内部化的制度约束和治理机制;推进农民专业合作社发展,必须在把握外来资本与村社资源动态博弈这一核心主线的前提下,正确处理好功能定位、产权归属、投资出资与收益分配4个方面的关系。基于研究结论,本文从制度设计、运营机制、政策支持等方面得出了促进农民专业合作社发展的相关启示。As an effective carrier linking rural development and the tourism industry,rural tourism cooperatives have special advantages in mobilizing the initiative of external capital and revitalizing village community resources.This article constructs an analytical framework of"elements matching-capital selection-interest game-embedded development"and analyzes the influence of elements matching and capital selection on the development of rural tourism cooperatives by combining dynamic game theory of incomplete information and case study methods.The main findings of the study are as follows.Firstly,rural tourism cooperatives exhibit characteristics of capital accumulation,member heterogeneity and dynamic matching at different development stages.Secondly,rural tourism cooperatives choose capital based on factor endowment structure,which determines the position of external capital and village resources at different development stages.Thirdly,the cooperation models of external capital and village community resources at different development stages have their own advantages and disadvantages,which reflects the evolution of organizationalstructure and internal dynamic game relationship of rural tourism cooperatives.Fourthly,in the process of embedding external capital,whether cooperatives can achieve sustainable development on the basis of maintaining their autonomy depends on whether they form institutional constraints and governance mechanisms to promote the internalization of external capital.Fifthly,in order to promote the development of farmers’professional cooperatives,it is necessary to grasp the core line of dynamic game between external capital and village community resources,and correctly handle the relationship between functional orientation,ownership of property rights,investment and capital contribution,as well as benefit distribution.Based on the findings,this article draws relevant enlightenment to promote the development of farmers’professional cooperatives from the aspects of institutional design,operation

关 键 词：乡村旅游 农民合作社 外来资本 村社资源 不完全信息动态博弈 

分 类 号：F592.3[经济管理—旅游管理]