农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度的理论基础和实践逻辑——基于政社互动视角的审视  

Theoretical Basis and Practical Logic of Farmers’Payment System for Rural DomesticWaste Treatment:AReview from the Perspective of Government-society Interaction

作　　者：孙慧波 赵霞[2] SUN Huibo;ZHAO Xia

机构地区：[1]青岛大学标准化战略研究院 [2]中国农业大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2022年第4期96-114,共19页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“农村垃圾处理农户付费制度研究”(编号:19CJY037)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：推行农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度是破解农村生活垃圾处理资金投入不足难题的重要途径。本文深入剖析了农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度的理论基础和现实逻辑,并结合湖南省湘潭市的实地调查数据,总结了推行农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度的实践经验,理论联系实际地探索了实施该制度的可行路径。研究认为:农民为生活垃圾排放的负外部性付费符合理论逻辑,亦具备现实基础;现阶段通过合理的制度设计在农村适宜地区推广农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度是可行的,起初可按人或按户制定生活垃圾处理付费标准,并以小额度定额收费方式培养农民的付费意识,之后逐步推广和完善农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度;可采取政社互动的治理模式,由行政村因地制宜地自主确定农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度的具体实施方案,通过多元参与为农民提供满意的生活垃圾处理服务,依托村民自治对该制度的推行开展动员和监督,可以有效地解决该制度推行中农民消极应对的难题,有利于实现该制度从理论到实践的顺利推进;借鉴湖南省湘潭市政社互动模式探索和推行农村生活垃圾处理农户付费制度时,还应考虑地区经济发展水平、村庄实际情况、农民参与意愿和生活垃圾处理水平等方面。The implementation of farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment is an important way to solve the problem of insufficient investment in rural domestic waste treatment.This article deeply analyzes the theoretical basis and practical logic of farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment,summarizes the practical experience of implementing farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment combined with the field survey data of Xiangtan City,Hunan Province,and explores the feasible path of implementing the system by combining theory with practice.The research shows that farmers’payment for the negative externality of domestic waste discharge meets the theoretical requirements and has a practical basis.At this stage,it is feasible to promote farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment through reasonable system design in suitable rural areas.At the beginning,the payment standard for domestic waste treatment can be formulated on a per person or per household basis,and farmers’payment consciousness can be cultivated in the way of small quota charging,and then farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment can be promoted and improved step by step.The governance mode of government-society interaction can be adopted,and the administrative village can independently determine the specific implementation plan of farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment,providing satisfactory waste treatment services for villagers through diversified participation,and relying on villagers’autonomy to mobilize and supervise the implementation of the system,which can effectively solve the problem of farmers’“negative response”in the implementation of the system.It is conducive to the smooth implementation of the system from theory to practice.While exploring and implementing farmers’payment system for rural domestic waste treatment based on government-society interaction mode in Xiangtan City,Hunan Province,we should also consider the level of

关 键 词：农村生活垃圾 付费制度 乡村振兴 政社互动 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]