肥料类型对机插中稻质量及氮肥农学利用率的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Type on Population Quality Construction and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Transplanted Middle-Season Rice

作　　者：陈立才[1] 欧阳淑珍 黄俊宝[1] 吴罗发[1] 秦战强 刘洋 周明[1] 李艳大[1] CHEN Licai;OUYANG Shuzhen;HUANG Junbao;WU Luofa;QIN Zhanqiang;LIU Yang;ZHOU Ming;LI Yanda(Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment/Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Information Technology in Agriculture,Nanchang 330200;College of Engineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所/江西省智能农机装备工程研究中心/江西省农业信息化工程技术研究中心,南昌330200 [2]江西农业大学工学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2022年第3期15-20,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划(20192BBF60050,20171BBF60019,20192ACB80005);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301603-04,2017YFD0301605-02);江西省农业科学院创新基金(青年基金)项目(2016CQN011)。

摘　　要：本研究以‘九香粘’品种为材料,采用随机区组小区试验,研究撒施不同肥料对机插中稻生长、产量及氮肥农学利用率的影响。结果表明:较对照,施用控释肥料处理的水稻茎蘖数显著增多,植株器官干物质重和收获指数、有效穗数、穗粒数、结实率和产量均显著优于常规处理,株高和千粒重差异不显著,增产效果和氮肥利用效率提高显著(P<0.05),各处理平均增产2.78%~3.91%,氮肥利用率提高9.65%~13.56%。处理效果以控释复合肥效果最显著,掺混复合肥优于控释尿素,控释尿素优于常规尿素。撒施控释肥料可改变机插中稻群体质量,促进产量形成,提高产量和氮肥利用率。Aimed to excessive amount of fertilizer,low fertilizer efficiency in production and management of rice,five nitrogen fertilizer treatments were set up by random block plot experiment in the present study.The effects of different types of fertilizers on growth,yield and nitrogen agronomic efficiency in transplanted middle-season rice Jiuxiangzhan were studied.The results showed that the number of tillers,dry matter,harvest index,panicles,grains per panicle,seed-setting rate and yield were higher than that of the control group significantly of controlled-release fertilizer,the difference between the height and 1,000-grain weight was not obvious(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the yield of all treatments average increase yield rate by 2.78%-3.91%,and nitrogen used efficiency increased 9.65%-13.56%,respectively.The effect showed that controlled-release urea is better than conventional urea,and worse than mixed compound fertilizer,controlled-release compound fertilizer is the best.It can be seen that sprinkling controlled-release compound fertilizer can change the population quality of transplanted middle-season rice,promote the formation of yield,improved the yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

关 键 词：机插中稻 撒施 控释肥 产量 氮肥农学利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]