不同用量缓释肥对麦茬花生生长发育及养分利用的影响  

Effects of Different Dosage of Slow Release Fertilizer on Growth and Nutrient Utilization of Peanut in Wheat Stubble

作　　者：纪耀坤[1] 郭振升[1] 田伟 张慎举[1] 皇甫自起[1] 吴继华 JI Yaokun;GUO Zhensheng;TIAN Wei;ZHANG Shenju;HUANGFU Ziqi;WU Jihua(Shangqiu Vocational and Technical College,Shangqiu 476005;Shangqiu College,Shangqiu 476000;Shangqiu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shangqiu 476000,China)

机构地区：[1]商丘职业技术学院,河南商丘476005 [2]商丘学院,河南商丘476000 [3]商丘市农林科学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2022年第3期94-98,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(142102110024);河南省重大科技专项(161100111000)。

摘　　要：为了明确麦茬花生缓释肥适宜用量,设不施肥(CK)、普通化肥(CF)、缓释肥(SRF)、缓释肥减量10%(SRF0.9)和缓释肥减量20%(SRF0.8)5个处理,研究不同用量缓释肥对麦茬花生生长发育及养分利用的影响。结果表明:与施用等量普通化肥(CF)相比,缓释肥(SRF)可显著增加麦茬花生中后期叶片NR活性、根系活力、单株结果数、百果重、百仁重和出仁率,显著提高荚果和籽仁产量。缓释肥减量10%(SRF0.9)生长指标及产量表现均高于普通化肥(CF),但差异不显著。缓释肥减量20%(SRF0.8),各项生理生长指标及产量均低于普通化肥处理CF,但差异不显著。缓释肥可显著提高氮磷钾当季利用率、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率。夺取高产,可以优先选用缓释肥SRF的施肥量;减肥增效,可以优先选用缓释肥SRF0.9的施肥量。In order to determine the suitable dosage of slow-release fertilizer for wheat stubble peanut,five treatments,CK,CF,SRF,SRF0.9 and SRF0.8 were used to study the effects of different dosages of slow-release fertilizer on the growth and nutrient utilization of wheat stubble peanut.The results showed that SRF could significantly increase NR activity,root activity,fruit number per plant,100-fruit weight,100-kernel weight and kernel yield of wheat-stubble peanut in the middle and late stages,and significantly increase pod and kernel yield compared with CF.The growth index and yield performance of slow-release weight loss 10%(SRF0.9)were higher than those of common chemical fertilizer(CF),but the difference was not significant.Slow-release weight loss of 20%(SRF0.8),physiological growth indicators and yield were lower than those of CF treated with conventional fertilizer,but the difference was not significant.Slow-release fertilizer can significantly improve the utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the current season,partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer.In order to obtain high yield,SRF can be selected as the priority fertilizer,while SRF0.9 can be selected as the priority fertilizer for weight loss and efficiency improvement.

关 键 词：缓释肥 麦茬花生 叶片NR活性 根系活力 肥料利用率 氮肥偏生产力 氮肥农学效率 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]