夏季干旱半干旱城市公园绿地空气负离子与空气颗粒物变化特征  

Variation characteristics of the air anion and air particulate matter in arid and semi⁃arid urban park green spaces during summer

作　　者：侯秀娟 闫晓云[1] 王波 李心愿 包红光[1] HOU Xiujuan;YAN Xiaoyun;WANG Bo;LI Xinyuan;BAO Hongguang(College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期212-220,共9页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019BS03018)。

摘　　要：【目的】观测北方干旱半干旱城市公园绿地不同植被结构空气负离子浓度与空气颗粒物浓度,并评价影响因素及其交互影响,为北方城市居民选择游憩时间及公园建设提供科学依据。【方法】于2020年7—8月,同步观测呼和浩特市敕勒川公园5种植被结构及对照点空气负离子浓度、空气颗粒物浓度,分析空气负离子与空气颗粒物变化特征及其影响因素。【结果】不同植被结构空气负离子浓度基本呈“V”形变化特征,空气颗粒物浓度最高值出现在早晨,最低值出现在下午;不同植被结构空气负离子浓度均值均高于对照点,且复层植被结构产生的负离子浓度要高于单层植被结构,不同植被结构对空气颗粒物浓度的调控存在着削减和集聚并存的效应;气象因子是影响空气负离子和空气颗粒物浓度的主要因素,风速与空气负离子浓度间显著负相关,温度与空气负离子浓度、总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和PM_(10)浓度间显著负相关,相对湿度与空气负离子浓度、TSP和PM_(10)浓度间显著正相关,露点温度与PM_(2.5)和PM_(1.0)浓度间显著正相关;空气负离子浓度与PM_(1.0)浓度间显著负相关。【结论】复层植被结构较单层植被结构对提高空气负离子浓度有更加显著的作用,疏密适当的植被对减少空气颗粒物浓度起到积极作用;依据观测结果,建议城市周边居民开展休闲娱乐活动的最佳时间选择在9:00—10:00和14:00—17:00。【Objective】To monitor the air anion concentration and air particulate matter concentration of different vegetation structures in arid and semi⁃arid urban park green spaces,the influencing factors and their interaction are analyzed,to provide a theoretical basis for urban residents to choose the recreation time and park construction.【Method】In July and August 2020,the air anion concentration and air particulate matter concentration were monitored simultaneously in five vegetation structures and their control points at Chilechuan Park in Hohhot,and the variations and influencing factors of the air anion and air particulate matter were analyzed.【Result】The air anion concentration of different vegetation structures had a“V”shaped variation.The highest value for the air particle matter concentration was recorded in the morning,and the lowest value was recorded in the afternoon.The average concentration of air anions in different vegetation structures was higher than that of the control point,and the air anion concentration in the multi⁃layer vegetation structure was higher than the single⁃layer vegetation structure.The reduction and agglomeration effect coexisted in the regulation of different vegetation structures.Meteorological factors were the main factors affecting the concentration of the air anions and air particulate matter.Wind speed was significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of air anions,with temperature being significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of air anions,TSP and PM_(10).Relative humidity was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of air anions,TSP and PM_(10).The dew point temperature was significantly positively correlated with PM_(2.5) and PM_(1.0) concentrations.There was a significant negative correlation between the air anion concentration and the PM_(1.0) concentration.【Conclusion】The multi⁃layer vegetation structure had a significant effect on increasing the concentration of air anions than the single⁃lay

关 键 词：城市公园绿地 空气负离子 空气颗粒物 气象因子 环境质量 呼和浩特 

分 类 号：S731[农业科学—林学]