再生水补给对景观湖异养菌耐药性和微生物群落的影响  

Effect of Reclaimed Water Replenishment on Antibiotic Resistance of Heterotrophic Bacteria and Microbial Community

作　　者：刘安 张崇淼[1] 王燕 LIU An;ZHANG Chongmiao;WANG Yan(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;School of Geographic Information and Tourism,Chuzhou University,Chuzhou 239000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西北水资源与环境生态教育重点实验室陕西省环境工程重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [2]滁州学院地理信息与旅游学院,安徽滁州239000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第4期79-86,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020ZDLNY06-07)。

摘　　要：为了解再生水补给对景观水体微生物组成及其特性带来的影响,该文选取以再生水为补给水源的景观湖采样调查,并构建再生水补给模拟系统进行实验研究。通过抗生素抗性平板检测,研究了再生水补给过程中异养菌含量及其对常见抗生素的耐药率的变化。通过聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳技术,分析了可培养异养菌和典型的耐药性异养菌群落在再生水补给过程中的动态变化。结果表明,再生水中的可培养异养菌含量为350 CFU/mL,其对磺胺甲恶唑、氨苄西林和四环素的耐药率分别为11.53%、8.11%和5.42%,接受再生水补给的景观湖中异养菌含量为4.92×10^(6)CFU/mL,高出再生水的约4个数量级,而耐药率则显著低于再生水(p<0.05)。再生水补给过程中,随着时间的推移,异养菌对于这3种抗生素的耐药率逐渐降低,但水中的微生物群落相似度则逐步升高,群落结构趋于稳定。假单胞菌是再生水补给过程中持久存在的耐药菌,在再生水补给的景观湖中也是优势异养菌,需要特别注意其导致的健康风险。In order to deeply understand the impact of reclaimed water recharge on the microbial composition and characteristics of landscape water body, the landscape lake replenished by reclaimed water was selected for sampling investigation, and the reclaimed water replenishment simulation system was constructed for experimental research. The changes of heterotrophic bacteria and their resistance to common antibiotics during the reclaimed water replenishment were studied by antibiotic resistance plate assay. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE) was used to analyze the dynamic changes of heterotrophic bacteria and typical antibiotic-resistant heterotrophic bacteria communities in the process of reclaimed water replenishment. The results showed that the content of culturable heterotrophic bacteria in reclaimed water was350 CFU/mL, and the resistance rates to sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin and tetracycline were 11.53%, 8.11% and 5.42% respectively. The content of heterotrophic bacteria in landscape lake supplemented by reclaimed water was 4.92×10^(6)CFU/mL was about 4 orders of magnitude higher than that of reclaimed water, and the antibiotic-resistance rate was significantly lower than that of reclaimed water(p<0.05). In the process of reclaimed water replenishment, as time goes on, the antibiotic resistance rate of heterotrophic bacteria to these three antibiotics gradually decreased, while the similarity of microbial community progressively increased, and the community structure tended to be stable. Pseudomonas was the persistent antibiotic-resistant bacteria in reclaimed water replenishment, and it was also dominant bacteria in landscape lake supplemented by reclaimed water.Special attention to the health risks caused by Pseudomonas should be required.

关 键 词：再生水补给 景观湖 异养菌 抗生素抗性 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]