中小型城市大气挥发性有机物特征研究:以益阳为例  

Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric VOCs in the Main Urban Area of Yiyang

作　　者：黄杰 张俊丰 张青梅[2] 刘湛[2] 宋云飞 罗达通 HUANG Jie;ZHANG Junfeng;ZHANG Qingmei;LIU Zhan;SONG Yunfei;LUO Datong(College of Environment and Resource,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China;Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for Air Pollution Control,Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Protection.Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学环境与资源学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]湖南省环境保护科学研究院,湖南省环境保护大气复合污染防治工程技术中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第4期126-136,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2019SK2071)。

摘　　要：该文在2020年8月和10月对益阳市主城区大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行样品采集,对观测期间VOCs的浓度水平、组分特征、化学反应活性及来源解析进行分析。结果表明,观测期间益阳市TVOCs平均体积分数为28.67×10^(-9),VOCs最大组分为烷烃,占比24.49%。VOCs体积分数最大的3个物种为丙酮、乙烷和丙烷。TVOCs的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)和等效丙烯浓度分别为67.81×10^(-9)和6.76×10^(-9),其中生成O的关键活性组分为烯烃和芳香烃,关键活性物种为乙烯、异戊二烯和间/对二甲苯。VOCs中二甲苯与乙苯的比值较低,表明主城区大气中VOCs气团是老化气团,同时受到其他区域远距离传输影响。正交矩阵因子分解(PMF)模型解析结果显示,主要有6个VOCs来源,依次为燃煤/生物质燃烧源(34%)、交通运输源(24%)、溶剂使用源(16%)、工业过程源(14%)、燃料挥发源(8%)和天然源(4%)。此外,基于PMF解析结果和每个VOCs物种的最大反应活性和二次气溶胶生产潜势(SOAP),分析了每个源对OFP和SOAP的贡献。研究发现,对OFP贡献最大的排放源为交通运输源,而对SOAP贡献最大的排放源为溶剂使用源。In August and October 2020,samples of atmospheric volatile organic compound were collected in the main urban area of Yiyang,Hunan Province.This paper presents the concentration levels,component characteristics,chemical activity and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)during the observation period.Results showed that the concentration of total VOCs(TVOCs)was 28.67×10^(-9),and the VOC composition was dominated by alkanes(24.49%).Acetone,ethane and propane were the most abundant VOC species.The total OFP and equivalent propylene concentrations of TVOCs were 67.81×10^(-9)and 6.76×10^(-9),respectively.Alkenes and aromatics were the key active components to produce Oand the key active species were ethylene,isoprene and m/p-xylene.The low ratio of xylene to ethylbenzene indicate that the VOCs air mass in the main urban area was highly aging,and it was also affected by long-distance transmission from other areas.Coal/biomass burning(34%),transportation(24%),solvent usage(16%),industrial sources(14%),fuel evaporation(8%)and biogenic sources(4%)were determined by PMF.In addition,based on the mass contributions of each source resolved by the PMF model,the source contributions to the OFP and SOAP were determined using the MIR and SOAP values,respectively.The results show that transportation is the largest source of ozone pollution in the main urban area,and solvent use is the largest source of secondary aerosol pollution.

关 键 词：VOCS 污染特征 化学反应活性 来源解析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]