2019年武汉市成人吸烟状况调查及影响因素分析  

Survey on smoking status of adults in Wuhan in 2019 and analysis of influencing factors

作　　者：钟庆 张志峰[1] 梅欣 李俊林[1] 黄远霞[1] 钟晴 李毅琳[1] ZHONG Qing;ZHANG Zhi-feng;MEI Xin;LI Jun-lin;HUANG Yuan-xia;LI Yi-lin(Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430024,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430024

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2022年第14期2629-2634,2682,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖北省卫生健康委员会联合基金项目(WJ2018H257)。

摘　　要：目的分析武汉市15岁及以上的城乡常住居民吸烟情况及影响因素,为有效开展控烟工作提供参考依据。方法于2019年采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取武汉市3个区36个居委会(村)2551名15岁以上的常住居民直接上门进行问卷调查,对不同特征成年居民的吸烟情况进行分析。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析,每组间比较采用χ2检验。结果2019年武汉市成人的现在吸烟率和现在每日吸烟率分别为23.5%和19.8%;男性高于女性,其中男性现在吸烟率及现在每日吸烟率分别为44.8%和38.2%,女性现在吸烟率及现在每日吸烟率分别为2.4%和1.6%;不同性别、年龄、文化、职业的成年现在吸烟率和现在每日吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果:男性(OR=89.689,95%CI:35.407~227.191)、年龄25~44岁(OR=8.797,95%CI:2.977~25.991)、年龄45~64岁(OR=10.437,95%CI:3.421~31.837)、65岁以上(OR=10.558,95%CI:1.455~76.623)、在家中暴露于二手烟(OR=9.777,95%CI:5.701~16.767)、在商店看到过卷烟推销的广告和标牌(OR=2.230,95%CI:1.012~4.913)的居民现在吸烟概率高,家中有不允许吸烟规定的(OR=0.559,95%CI:0.342~0.912)的居民现在吸烟概率较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论武汉市成年居民吸烟率较高,需针对低文化程度、女性、中老年男性及留守老年农民等重点人群采取特别的戒烟干预措施,并引导公众有意识地远离吸烟,采取健康的生活方式。Objective To analyze the smoking status and influencing factors of urban and rural permanent residents aged 15years and above in Wuhan city,and to provide a reference basis for effective tobacco control.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 2551 permanent residents aged 15 years or older from 36 neighborhood committees(villages)in three districts of Wuhan in 2019.Direct door-to-door questionnaire surveys were conducted to analyze the smoking status of adult residents with different characteristics.Chi-square test was used for comparison between each group using SPSS 22.0 software.Results The present smoking rate and present daily smoking rate of adults in Wuhan in2019 were 23.5%and 19.8%,respectively.Men had higher rates than women,with the present smoking rate and present daily smoking rate of men being 44.8%and 38.2%in men and 2.4%and 1.6%in women,respectively.The differences in adult current smoking rate and current daily smoking rate by gender,age,culture,and occupation were statistically significant(P<0.05).Results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that males(OR=89.689,95%CI:35.407-227.191),age of 25 to 44 years(OR=8.797,95%CI:2.977-25.991),age of 45 to 64 years(OR=10.437,95%CI:3.421-31.837),and age of 65 years or older(OR=10.558,95%CI:1.455-76.623),those who were exposed to secondhand smoke at home(OR=9.777,95%CI:5.701-16.767),and those who watched advertisements and signs promoting cigarettes in stores(OR=2.230,95%CI:1.012 to 4.913)had a higher present smoking rate.Residents who had rules against smoking in their homes(OR=0.559,95%CI:0.342-0.912)had a lower present smoking rate,with all differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The smoking prevalence among adult residents in Wuhan is high,and special smoking cessation interventions are needed for key populations such as those with low literacy,females,middle-aged and elderly males,and elderly farmers left behind,and to guide the public to consciously stay away from smoking and adopt a healt

关 键 词：吸烟状况 成人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]