高分辨率变焦式连续波测风激光雷达设计与实验  

Design and experiment of varifocal CW-wind lidar with high resolution

作　　者：崔桐 陈相成 戴光耀[1] 张洪玮 王琪超 吴松华[1,2] CUI Tong;CHEN Xiangcheng;DAI Guangyao;ZHANG Hongwei;WANG Qichao;WU Songhua(Institute for Advanced Ocean Study,College of Information Science and Engineering,Ocean Remote Sensing Institute,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋高等研究院信息科学与工程学院,海洋遥感研究所,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,区域海洋动力学与数值模拟功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《大气与环境光学学报》2022年第4期393-408,共16页Journal of Atmospheric and Environmental Optics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划,2019YFC1408002;国家自然科学基金,61975191,41905022。

摘　　要：为实现近场风场的非接触式高分辨、高精度测量,弥补脉冲相干测风激光雷达在近场风场测量存在盲区的缺陷,选用对人眼安全的1550 nm工作波长的高功率连续波光纤激光器作为光源,基于激光多普勒相干测风原理,通过改变连续波激光聚焦位置实现风场不同位置的风速探测。为提高系统的信噪比(SNR),优化选取了当前系统本振光功率参数;并通过优化设计“有效频谱质心”算法,对连续波测量体积内存在多个速度分量数据进行处理,从而提高数据反演精度。使用该激光雷达系统与超声波风速计进行对比实验,风速数据相关性为0.98,标准差为0.16 m·s^(−1)。在此基础上,利用该激光雷达系统进行长期风速观测实验,选取不同天气气溶胶含量差别较大的多组数据进行分析,同时对近地面及近建筑物风场内风速的变化进行了探究。局地风速观测实验结果表明,该激光雷达系统的风速测量区间为0.3∼18 m·s^(−1),风场测量位置2∼30 m,能够实现风场风速梯度的连续测量。In order to realize non-contact high-resolution and high-precision measurement of small-scale wind field,and make up for the measurement blind area of pulse coherent wind lidar in the close wind field,a high power CW fiber laser with working wavelength of 1550 nm,which is safe for human eyes,was selected as the light source of lidar,and then based on the principle of laser coherent wind measurement,the wind speed detection at different positions in the wind field was realized by changing the focusing position of continuous wave laser.The local oscillator power of the current system was optimized to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the system,and by optimizing the effective spectral centroid algorithm,the data of multiple velocity components in the measured interval of continuous wave were processed so as to improve the accuracy of data inversion.The comparative experiment between the lidar system and the ultrasonic anemometer was carried out,the correlation of wind speed data of the two systems is 0.98 and the standard deviation is 0.16 m·s^(−1).Then the long-term wind speed observation experiment was carried out by using the lidar system,and several groups of data with different aerosol content under different weather were selected for analysis.Meanwhile,the change of wind speed in the wind field near the ground and near buildings was explored.The experimental results of local wind speed observation show that the wind speed measurement range of the system is 0.3∼18 m·s^(−1),and the wind field measurement position is 2∼30 m,which can realize the continuous measurement of wind speed gradient.

关 键 词：连续波激光 相干探测 测风激光雷达 变焦 

分 类 号：TN958[电子电信—信号与信息处理] P407[电子电信—信息与通信工程]