荷兰堤防景观及其对我国的启示  

Dike Landscape in the Netherlands and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：曹磊[1] 林月婷 杨冬冬[1] 韩轶群 CAO Lei;LIN Yueting;YANG Dongdong;HAN Yiqun(the School of Architecture,Tianjin University)

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院

出　　处：《景观设计》2022年第3期36-41,共6页Landscape Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目——海河流域断流河道恢复与再利用模式及方法研究(项目编号:52078326)。

摘　　要：堤防作为一种基础水利设施,在流域防洪治理、生态保护保育、交通组织引导等方面均具有积极作用。在我国,当前对于河湖水系的堤防规划尚处于起步阶段,堤防设计存在形式功能单一与治理方式不系统等问题。荷兰作为一个因堤防而生的国家,在长期与堤防相互依存的发展过程中,创造了多样的堤防利用模式。本文通过深入梳理荷兰堤防的发展历史,阐述海堤、河堤、圩田堤、湖堤等堤防的功能,同时结合社会及自然因素分析堤防系统在塑造交通景观、生态景观和聚落景观中发挥的作用。最后在总结荷兰堤防治理经验的基础上,针对我国河流堤防的整治提升提出建议。Dikes play an active role in river basin flood control,ecological conservation and protection and traffic organization guidance as a kind of basic water conservancy facilities.In China,the dike planning of river and lake water system is still in its infancy,nowadays.There are some problems in dike design,such as single form and function as well as unsystematic treatment mode.As a country born of dikes,the Netherlands has created a variety of dike utilization modes in the process of long-term interdependence with dikes.By deeply combing the development history of Dutch dikes,this paper lists the typical types and functions of embankments in the Netherlands,including sea dikes,river dikes and polder dikes.At the same time,combined with social and natural factors,this paper analyzes the role of dike system in shaping traffic landscape,ecological landscape and settlement landscape.On the basis of summarizing the experience of dike treatment in the Netherlands,some suggestions are put forward for the regulation and improvement of river dikes in China.

关 键 词：荷兰 堤防景观 空间规划 河流 复合功能 

分 类 号：TV8[水利工程—水利水电工程]