饮食指导和运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇母婴结局的影响  

Effects of Dietary Guidance and Exercise Therapy on Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：霍巍[1] HUO Wei(Liaoning Anshan Women and Children's Hospital,Anshan 114014,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省鞍山市妇儿医院,辽宁鞍山114014

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2022年第23期33-36,41,共5页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析饮食指导和运动疗法对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇母婴结局的影响。方法选择2018年6月至2020年6月我院收治的126例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇。采用随机数表法将其分为对照组(予以常规孕期保健指导)和研究组(予以饮食指导和运动疗法),各63例。对比两组孕妇指导前后的血糖指标(餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖以及糖化血红蛋白)、生活质量(躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态、总体生活质量)、不良妊娠结局(羊水过多、早产、胎膜再破、产后出血)、新生儿不良结局(巨大儿、胎儿窘迫、高胆红素血症)发生率。结果指导前,研究组与对照组孕妇的各项血糖指标和生活质量各项评分均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);指导后,两组孕妇的血糖指标均有所好转,组内差异有统计学意义,生活质量各项评分均有所提高(P<0.05);其中研究组孕妇的餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组孕妇,生活质量中躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、物质生活状态、总体生活质量评分均高于对照组孕妇,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组孕妇羊水过多、早产、胎膜早破和产后出血不良妊娠结局发生率均低于对照组孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿发生巨大儿、胎儿窘迫和高胆红素血症的概率均低于对照组新生儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕妇接受饮食指导和运动疗法能够改善血糖水平,预防母婴不良结局,提高生育质量。Objective To analyze the effect of diet instruction and exercise therapy on maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 126 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were selected from June 2018 to June 2020.The random number table method was divided into control group(routine pregnancy health care guidance)study group(diet guidance and exercise therapy),63 cases in each group.The blood glucose indexes(2 h postprandial blood glucose,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin),quality of life scores(physical function,psychological function,social function,material life state and overall quality of life)and adverse pregnancy outcomes(polyhydramnios,preterm delivery,rupture of membranes and postpartum hemorrhage),incidence of adverse neonatal outcomes(macrosomia,fetal distress,hyperbilirubinemia)were compared between the two groups before and after guidance.Results Before guidance,there was no significant difference in blood glucose indexes and quality of life scores between the study group and the control group(P>0.05).After the guidance,the blood glucose indexes of pregnant women in the two groups were improved,which was statistically significant in the group,and the scores of quality of life were improved(P<0.05).Among them,the levels of 2 h postprandial blood glucose,fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of pregnant women in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the physical function,psychological function,social function,material life state The overall quality of life scores of pregnant women in the control group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The rates of macrosomia,fetal distress and hyperbilirubinemia in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary guidance and ex

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 饮食指导 运动疗法 母婴结局 

分 类 号：R714.25[医药卫生—妇产科学]