4种生境下长刺蒺藜草不同器官生物量分配特征  

Characteristics of organ biomass allocation of Cenchrus longispinus in four different habitats

作　　者：张琦 吕广超 田迅[1] Zhang Qi;Lu Guangchao;Tian Xun(College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学生命科学与食品学院,内蒙古通辽028000

出　　处：《植物检疫》2022年第4期33-41,共9页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360574);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020LH03005)。

摘　　要：本文研究入侵内蒙古自治区通辽市的长刺蒺藜草(Cenchrus longispinus)在河滩、草甸、沙沼、牧场4种不同生境下生物量在各器官间的分配,测定和分析长刺蒺藜草的各器官生物量、根冠比、可塑性指标等。同时比较不同入侵程度生境的长刺蒺藜草的各器官生物量分配比。结果表明:(1)4种生境下,其各器官生物量存在显著差异(P<0.05);长刺蒺藜草地上各器官生物量在草甸、沙沼最大,牧场、河滩最小。(2)长刺蒺藜草在各生境生物量分配比的范围为:根为3.37%~8.66%、茎为24.13%~28.66%、叶为26.66%~45.61%、果为18.96%~45.84%。在水分较少的河滩生境,长刺蒺藜草的根生物量分配比和叶生物量分配比显著大于其他3种生境(P<0.05);各器官生物量分配比在草甸、沙沼、牧场生境下分配比的比较结果为:果生物量分配比>叶生物量分配比>茎生物量分配比>根生物量分配比。(3)不同生境下的长刺蒺藜草各器官生物量与总生物量之间存在极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);异速生长指数表明,根生物量-总生物量、果生物量-总生物量在草甸、沙沼和牧场为等速生长关系,在河滩为异速生长关系。(4)长刺蒺藜草在不同生境下其表型可塑性指数存在较大差异,沙沼生境的表型可塑性最大,而草甸生境最小;比较变异系数与可塑性指数后发现各器官生物量中根的表型可塑性最高。(5)长刺蒺藜草的根冠比在水分匮乏的河滩生境最大。(6)随入侵程度的增强,不同入侵程度生境中长刺蒺藜草的各器官生物量分配比的变化存在差异,与叶、果生物量分配比相比较,根、茎生物量分配比受生境入侵程度的影响更大,二者均随入侵程度的增强而增加。研究说明,长刺蒺藜草生长发育过程中既存在等速生长又存在异速生长,并采取不同器官生物量的分配策略以适应生境的异质性,增强了其入侵、繁殖、扩散能力。The study mainly discussed the biomass allocation of different organs of Cenchrus longispinus in four different habitats invaded in Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The four habitats were bench land,grassland,semi-humid sandy land and grazing land. Then the biomass of each organ,the ratio of root to shoot,the plasticity index and the coefficient of variation were measured and analyzed.The biomass allocation ratios of different organs of C. longispinus was compared among different degrees of invasion. The results showed that:(1)There were significant differences in the biomass of different organs of C. longispinus in four habitats. Biomass of aboveground organs was the largest in grassland and semi-humid sandy land,but the smallest in grazing land and bench land.(2)The range of biomass allocation ratio of C. longispinus in each habitat was:root with 3.37%-8.66%,stem with 24.13%-28.66%,leaf with 26.66%-45.61%,fruit with 18.96%-45.84%. The distribution ratio of root biomass and leaf biomass in the bench land was significantly higher(P<0.05) than that of the other three habitats. The results of biomass allocation ratio of different organs in grassland,semi-humid sandy and grazing land were as follows:fruit biomass allocation ratio > leaf biomass allocation ratio > stem biomass allocation ratio > root biomass allocation ratio.(3)There was an extremely significant positive correlation(P<0.01) between the biomass of different organs and the total biomass in different habitats. According to the allometric growth index,the relationships between RB-TB and FB-TB in grassland,semi-humid sandy land and grazing land had the isokinetic growth relationship,while bench land had the allometric growth relationship.(4)The phenotypic plasticity index of C. longispinus was quite different in different habitats. The phenotypic plasticity of semi-humid sandy land was the largest,while that of grassland was the smallest. At the same time,the comparison of coefficient of variation and plasticity index indicated that the phe

关 键 词：长刺蒺藜草 生境 生物量分配 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]