我国口岸截获的10种乳白蚁的检疫鉴定  

The quarantine and identification of 10 Coptotermes termites intercepted at ports in China

作　　者：王新国 陆军 王建国[3] 徐新峰 牟桂萍 江志海 邓雪华 华展义 Wang Xinguo;Lu Jun;Wang Jianguo;Xu Xinfeng;Mou Guiping;Jiang Zhihai;Deng Xuehua;Hua Zhanyi(Technology Center of Huangpu Customs District,Huangpu 510730,China;Zhangjiagang Customs House;College of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangxi Agricultural University;Urumqi Customs District Technology Center)

机构地区：[1]黄埔海关技术中心,广东黄埔510730 [2]张家港海关 [3]江西农业大学农学院 [4]乌鲁木齐海关技术中心

出　　处：《植物检疫》2022年第4期68-74,共7页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：海关总署基金项目(2019HK37);原广东检验检疫局科技计划项目(2018GDK25)。

摘　　要：乳白蚁(Coptotermes)是一类我国进境植物检疫中经常截获的重要有害生物,然而长久以来其分类和鉴定都比较混乱。本文结合乳白蚁分类研究的最新成果,从我国口岸经常截获的乳白蚁中挑选出10个“确定种”,即台湾乳白蚁(C. formosanus)、曲颚乳白蚁(C. elisae)、格斯特乳白蚁(C. gestroi)、巴布亚乳白蚁(C. pamuae)、甘氏乳白蚁(C. gambrinus)、短刀乳白蚁(C. acinacifomis)、南美乳白蚁(C. testaceus)、中间乳白蚁(C. intermedius)、非洲乳白蚁(C. sjostedti)和阿曼乳白蚁(C. amanii)。对这10种乳白蚁的形态进行了分析,测量了其头部、前胸背板和后颏上9个重要特征值,结合图例分析了头部背面、前胸背板和上颚形态特征。扩增并分析了10种乳白蚁mtDNA上的COI基因片段,进一步验证了乳白蚁种类鉴定结果。最后给出了10种乳白蚁兵蚁的形态鉴定检索表,以期为口岸乳白蚁的检疫鉴定提供参考。Coptotermes termites is a kind of important pests which are often intercepted in import plant quarantine in China,but their classification and identification have been confusing for a long time. Based on the latest taxonomic research of Coptotermes termites,10 "valid species" frequently intercepted at ports in China,namely,C. formosanus,C. elisae,C. gestroi,C. pamuae,C. gambrinus,C. acinacifomis,C. testaceus,C. intermedius,C. sjostedti and C. amanii were selected. The 9 important measured values on the head,pronotum and postmentum of these termites were analyzed,and the characteristic of head in dorsal,the pronotum and mandible were illustrated in the paper. The COI gene fragment on the mtDNA of the10 termites were amplified and analyzed,and the results have validated the morphological identification of these termites. Finally the key to the 10 Coptotermes termites were given to provide referrence for termite identification in import quarantine.

关 键 词：乳白蚁 形态特征 DNA条形码 鉴定 

分 类 号：Q7[生物学—分子生物学] S41[农业科学—植物保护]