半干旱区县域生态安全格局构建——以临洮县为例  

Construction of county ecological security pattern in semi-arid area:A case study of Lintao county

作　　者：朱陇强 郭泽呈 肖敏 秦梦谣 颉耀文[1] ZHU Longqiang;GUO Zecheng;XIAO Min;QIN Mengyao;XIE Yaowen(College of Earth and Environmental Lanzhou University,Lanzhou730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第14期5799-5811,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0603)。

摘　　要：生态安全格局的识别与构建是保障半干旱区生态安全及可持续发展的重要途径。以西北内陆半干旱区黄土高原县级行政单位为研究对象,结合RS和GIS技术,在定量评估生态系统服务功能(生物多样性保护、水源涵养、土壤保持)和水土流失敏感性的基础上,识别生态源地,并利用最小累积阻力模型计算阻力面,构建临洮县生态安全格局。结果表明:(1)临洮县生态源地面积为243.79 km^(2),占全县总面积的8.55%,生态源地集中分布在南屏山林区、马衔山兰州军马场、太石镇的水源保护区以及沿洮河的河谷农业区。(2)临洮县生态安全缓冲区划分为高、较高、中、低水平生态安全区四个类别,分别占总面积的12.71%、47.81%、32.51%和6.97%,不同生态安全区应采取不同措施以保障区域生态安全。(3)识别的234条总长为493.56 km的生态廊道,185条总长为551.26 km的辐射通道,以及74个生态战略节点共同组成临洮县生态安全格局。研究结果以期为半干旱区县域尺度生态安全格局构建研究提供相关参考,也将为临洮县国土空间总体规划和城市用地合理布局提供重要指导。The identification and construction of ecological security pattern is an important way to ensure ecological security and sustainable development in semi-arid areas. Half arid areas on the loess plateau of the northwest inland at the county level administrative unit as the research object, combined with RS and GIS technology, the quantitative evaluation of ecosystem service function(biodiversity conservation, water conservation, soil conservation) and soil erosion sensitivity on the basis of the ecological source identification, and minimum cumulative resistance model is used to calculate surface resistance and build Lintao ecological security pattern. The results showed that the ecological source area of Lintao County was 243.79 km^(2), accounting for 8.55% of the total area of the whole county. The ecological source area mainly distributed in the forest area of Nanping Mountain, Lanzhou Military Horse Farm in Maxian Mountain, the water conservation area of Taishi Town and the agricultural valley along Tao River. The ecological security buffer zone in Lintao County was divided into four categories: higher, high, medium and low level ecological security zones, which accounted for 12.71%, 47.81%, 32.51% and 6.97% of the total area respectively. Different measures should be taken to ensure regional ecological security in different ecological security zones. The identified 234 ecological corridors with a total length of 493.56 km, 185 radiation channels with a total length of 551.26 km, and 74 ecological strategic nodes constitute the ecological security pattern of Lintao County. The results of the study are expected to provide relevant references for the study on the construction of ecological security patterns at the county scale in semi-arid areas, and will also provide important guidance for the overall planning of land and space in Lintao County and the rational layout of urban land.

关 键 词：生态安全格局 生态系统服务功能 水土流失敏感性 MCR模型 临洮县 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]