焦虑在家庭亲密度与发育迟缓儿童自我意识关系间的中介效应分析  

Mediating effect of anxiety in the relationship between family cohesion and self-awareness in children with developmental retardation

作　　者：任彦威 杨志亮[1] 李玲慧 REN Yan-wei;YANG Zhi-liang;LI Ling-hui(Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,ShenyangLiaoning 110001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院儿科,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2022年第8期908-911,915,共5页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目(LFWK201701)。

摘　　要：目的调查发育迟缓儿童的自我意识水平,并探讨焦虑在家庭亲密度与自我意识的中介作用。方法采取便利抽样法,于2019年7月—2021年4月抽取辽宁省某医院儿科门诊就诊和复查的200例发育迟缓儿童作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查问卷、家庭亲密度与适应性量表(FACES-Ⅱ)、儿童焦虑量表与儿童自我意识量表进行调查。结果200例发育迟缓儿童的自我意识总分为45.87±4.15,FACES-Ⅱ得分与自我意识总分呈负相关(r=-0.607,P<0.01);FACES-Ⅱ得分与儿童焦虑呈正相关(r=0.416,P<0.001);儿童焦虑与自我意识呈负相关(r=-0.367,P<0.01)。中介效应检验结果显示,儿童焦虑在家庭亲密度对自我意识之间存在显著的部分中介效应,95%CI为(-0.257,-0.043)。中介效应值为-0.077,占总效应的9.50%。结论发育迟缓儿童自我意识较低,要重点关注对儿童焦虑情绪的疏导,营造良好的家庭氛围和融洽的亲子关系,提高发育迟缓儿童心理健康与自我意识水平。Objective To investigate the level of self-awareness of children with developmental delay,and to explore the mediating role of anxiety in family cohesion and self-awareness.Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted to select 200 children with developmental retardation from July 2019 to April 2021.General information questionnaire,Family Adaptability Cohesion Scale,Second Edition(FACES-II),DSM-5 Level 2-Anxiety-Child Age 11-17 and Children′s Self-Consciousness Scale were used to investigate.Results The total score of self-consciousness in 200 children with developmental delay was 45.87±4.15.Family cohesion was negatively correlated with the total score of self-consciousness(r=-0.607,P<0.01),and positively related to anxiety of children(r=0.416,P<0.001).There was a negative correlation between anxiety of children and self-consciousness(r=-0.367,P<0.01).The mediating effect test showed that the anxiety of children played a partial mediating role in the relationship between family cohesion and self-consciousness,with 95%CI(-0.257,-0.043).The mediating effect value was-0.077,accounting for 9.50%of the total effect.Conclusions The self-awareness of children with developmental delay is low.More attention should be paid to anxiety of these children.Meanwhile,a good family atmosphere and harmonious parent-child relationship are helpful to improve the mental health and self-awareness of children with developmental delay.

关 键 词：发育迟缓 家庭亲密度 自我意识 焦虑 中介作用 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]