东西方知识的交汇:和德理所记元代矮人传说  

The Confluence of Eastern and Western Knowledge:The Myth of the Pygmies in Yuan China Related by Odorico da Pordenone

作　　者： 求芝蓉(译) Alvise Andreose;Qiu Zhirong(Department of Humanities and Cultural Heritage,University of Udine,Udine 33100,Italy;不详)

机构地区：[1]乌迪内大学人文与文化遗产学院,乌迪内33100 [2]中国人民大学历史学院

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第5期18-28,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学专项(20VJXG009)。

摘　　要：和德理是最早到达中国的欧洲旅行家之一,和德理返回意大利后口述的《行程记》是中西交流史上的重要文献。与中世纪其他旅行记相比,《行程记》承载的东方知识具有独特价值,糅合了事实和传说,融汇了东西方知识传统。和德理在叙述中国南方时所记的矮人传说最具典型性,其中的各种因素在中国、西方的上古和中古时期文献中能够分别得到印证。和德理对现实的态度与中世纪欧洲传统的东方印象截然不同,是现代世界观的先声。The Yuan Dynasty from 1271 to 1368 saw a new period of contact between China and Europe. Following the establishment of this Mongol empire, a flow of information reached Europe,gradually reshaping the traditional, consolidated image of the Orient that the Middle Ages had inherited from Hellenistic literature through the mediation of Latin culture. About halfway through the 13th century, in the European linguistic-cultural space, numerous texts began to circulate that communicated a new image of China compared to those transmitted by ancient sources.A key role in this renovation was played by the travel account written by the Franciscan Friar Odorico da Pordenone, who travelled from north-eastern Italy to China in the early fourteenth century,and visited the Khan’s court in Dadu. His journey was part of an extended missionary movement to Persia, India and China by the Franciscan and Dominican orders. The text written on his return to Europe represents one of the most important documents ever written by Western authors on the Chinese world at the time of the Yuan.As may be evident from its title in some manuscripts Relatio de mirabilibus Tartarorum(Report on the Marvels of the Mongols), the work is a travelogue, describing the wonderful things found by Odorico in the Mongol empire. An opinion very common among scholars is that Odorico’s text focuses on the Orient’s marvels more than any other medieval travel account. According to some scholars, this kind of interest would reflect a certain naivety and limited education on the part of Odorico. In fact,medieval european people were used to imagining Eastern Asia as an immense land of endless wealth,populated with fantastical beings and abounding with inexplicable wonders. However, it should be noted that many things and facts that Odorico perceives as exceptional “marvels”(mirabilia) have been identified and explained by modern Orientalists within the last century. Most of the details that have not yet found a plausible explanation depend probably on unders

关 键 词：和德理 《行程记》 矮人传说 元朝 中西交流 知识传播 中世纪欧洲 

分 类 号：I546.076[文学—其他各国文学] K247[历史地理—历史学]