欧里庇得斯《伊翁》中的神圣世系与伦理实验  

Divine Paternity and Ethical Experiments in Euripides’Ion

作　　者：王瑞雪 Wang Ruixue(School of International Studies,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学外国语学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《外国文学》2022年第4期62-73,共12页Foreign Literature

基　　金：浙江省社会科学界联合会研究课题“欧里庇得斯悲剧的文体创新研究”(2022N06)。

摘　　要：古希腊悲剧家欧里庇得斯的剧作《伊翁》上演于雅典的社会文化变革的年代。本文在其时代智识“启蒙”的思想文化语境中解读该剧对城邦生活中的伦理问题的探索。这部剧结合了雅典的地生神话世系与现实中的性别角色议题,演绎了父系传统的悖谬与不稳定性。剧中人以“人的尺度”重新审视神的权威,混淆了强力与正义的原则,加剧了世系传承的危机,导向了伦理失序的状态。剧情的发展以神的降临强行收场,恢复了父系的传承,重建了伦理的秩序。然而剧中伴随着神圣正义的消解与复归、伦理的失序与重建,属人尺度的有限性并未得到最终的解决,从而暗示了又一场“启蒙”的循环。Ancient Greek tragedian Euripides’Ion was produced at a time of social and cultural changes in Athens.This paper interprets how the play explores the ethical issues of civic life in the ideological context of the intellectual“enlightenment”of that time.This play combines the mythic autochthonous pedigree of Athens and the gender issue in reality and dramatizes the paradox and instability of the patrilineal tradition.In the play,“human measure”is applied to re-examining the divine authority,which confuses the principles of might and justice,aggravates the crisis of paternity and leads to ethical disorder.The development of the theatrical plot is abruptly closed by the deus ex machina,and thereby the patrilineal inheritance is restored,and ethical order reestablished.However,with the diminishing and returning of divine justice,and the disorder and restoration of ethics,the limits of the human measure have not been finally resolved,which implies another cycle of“enlightenment.”

关 键 词：欧里庇得斯 《伊翁》 父系 伦理秩序 神圣正义 

分 类 号：I545[文学—其他各国文学]