桃细菌性穿孔病生防细菌鉴定及防治研究  

Identification of biocontrol bacterium and control for peach bacterial shot hole

作　　者：郭珺洁 陈姣 严纯 杨丽娜 朱峰[1] 董京萍[1] 纪兆林[1] GUO Junjie;CHEN Jiao;YAN Chun;YANG Li'na;ZHU Feng;DONG Jingping;JI Zhaolin(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2022年第3期108-116,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-30-3-02);扬州大学大学生学术科技创新项目(x20180549);姑苏乡土人才培养资助项目(2020-09)。

摘　　要：桃细菌性穿孔病是桃树的一种重要病害,对其生防细菌进行筛选、鉴定并进行病害防治研究。结果表明:从17份桃树根际土壤中分离纯化出93株细菌菌株,初筛发现12株对桃细菌性穿孔病菌有拮抗作用,占比为12.9%,其中拮抗效果最好的菌株为YZ19,抑菌圈直径为9.0 mm,其次为YZ7、WY10和YY27,抑菌圈直径均在6.5 mm以上。结合形态学、生理生化性状和16S rDNA分子方法将YZ19鉴定为粪产碱杆菌(Alcaligenes faecalis)。PCR分析表明该菌株可能代谢产生部分脂肽类抗生素而参与拮抗作用。离体组织接种表明YZ19菌液能减缓桃细菌性穿孔病菌的侵染;在温室盆栽和田间防治试验中,YZ19菌液能较好地降低病叶率,抑制病害发展,防效优于或相当于四霉素和噻唑锌。综上,YZ19具有良好的生防潜力,这一研究为桃细菌性穿孔病的生物防治及生防细菌的开发利用奠定了基础。Peach bacterial shot hole is an important disease on peach trees.In this paper,biocontrol bacteria were screened,identified,and disease control effect research was carried out.The results showed that 93 bacterial isolates with different morphologies were isolated and purified from 17 rhizosphere soil samples of peach trees.The preliminary screening found that 12 isolates had antagonistic effects on the pathogen Xanthomonas arboricola pv.pruni(Xap),accounting for 12.9%.The isolate YZ19 had the best antagonistic effect,with the diameter of inhibition zone of 9.0 mm,followed by YZ7,WY10 and YY27,with the diameter of inhibition zone all above 6.5 mm.The YZ19 isolate was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis based on morphological,physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA molecular method.PCR analysis indicated that YZ19 may metabolize and produce some lipopeptide antibiotics to participate in the antagonism.In vitro inoculation test showed that YZ19 bacterial suspension could slow down the infection of Xap,and in greenhouse pot culture and field control experiment,YZ19 bacterial suspension could reduce the diseased leaf rate and inhibit the development of the disease,and the control effect was better than or equivalent to tetramycin and zinc thiazole.In conclusion,YZ19 has a good biocontrol potential,and the results provide a foundation for the biological control of peach bacterial shot hole and the development and utilization of the biocontrol bacterium.

关 键 词：桃细菌性穿孔病 生防细菌 筛选 鉴定 防效 

分 类 号：S436.621[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]