磁生物学在模式动物斑马鱼中的研究进展  

Progress in The Use of Zebrafish for Magnetobiological Research

作　　者：汤龙升[1,2] 田小飞 任大龙 TANG Long-Sheng;TIAN Xiao-Fei;REN Da-Long(School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics,Anhui University of Finance&Economics,Bengbu 233030,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽财经大学统计与应用数学学院,蚌埠233030 [2]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,合肥230036 [3]安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院,合肥230601

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2022年第7期1264-1272,共9页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31701027,52007185);安徽省自然科学基金(1708085QC58)资助项目。

摘　　要：磁场在生活中无处不在,为探究磁场的生物学效应,大量研究工作已经开展。斑马鱼作为新兴的模式生物,在探明磁场与生理功能关系方面具有重要作用。本文梳理了当前磁生物学在斑马鱼上的相关研究。已有研究表明磁场会导致斑马鱼生长畸形、发育延迟和细胞凋亡,影响斑马鱼的游泳行为和方向偏好,也会改变其昼夜节律,还会对生殖和免疫功能产生影响;斑马鱼可能具有不止一种的磁感应机制,除了目前已提出的磁矿石晶体模型、自由基对模型和电磁感应模型等磁感应模型外,磁场引起的DNA损伤、Ca稳态异常、微管聚合速率改变、应激反应、生物钟基因cry的表达改变等可部分解释上述现象。针对存在的生物磁感应研究中存在的参数不一和机制不清晰等问题,结合斑马鱼优势,本文提出未来斑马鱼在磁生物学研究中的潜在方向:基于斑马鱼建立磁场和生物参数可控的磁生物学研究模型;非侵入性活体追踪相关生命活动过程,可视化研究磁生物学现象;基于Cry蛋白开展磁场与生物节律关系的研究。Magnetic field is ubiquitous in our life. In order to explore the biological effect of magnetic field, a lot of research work has been carried out. As an emerging model organism, zebrafish plays an important role in exploring the relationship between magnetic fields and physiological functions. This paper reviews the current studies on magnetobiology in zebrafish. Previous studies have shown that magnetic fields can cause developmental malformation, lead to cell apoptosis and delayed zebrafish development, affect zebrafish swimming behavior and direction preference, change their circadian rhythms, and affect reproductive and immune functions. Zebrafish may have more than one magnetic induction mechanism, in addition to the current proposed magnetic ore crystal model, radical-pair mechanism model and electromagnetic induction model. Magnetic fieldinduced DNA damage, abnormal Cahomeostasis, changes in microtubule polymerization rate, stress response,and changes in the expression of the circadian clock gene cry can partially explain the above phenomena. In view of the existing problems such as inconsistent parameters and unclear mechanism in biological magnetic induction research, combined with the advantages of zebrafish, the authors propose the potential direction of zebrafish in magnetic biology research in the future: to establish magnetic fields and biological parameters controllable magnetic biology research model based on zebrafish;non-invasive in vivo tracking of related life activities,visualized study of magnetic biological phenomena;research on the relationship between magnetic fields and biological rhythms based on Cry protein.

关 键 词：磁场 斑马鱼 磁感应 生理功能 行为 

分 类 号：Q6[生物学—生物物理学]