蜂毒素对热应激淮南麻鸭生产性能和免疫器官氧化应激的影响  

Effects of Melittin on Production Performance and Oxidative Stress of Immune Organs in Heat-Stressed Huainan Partridge Duck

作　　者：李治利 秦清明 李新玉 冯智园 易先国[1] 张自富[1,2] 祝发明 唐雪峰 LI Zhili;QIN Qingming;LI Xinyu;FENG Zhiyuan;YI Xianguo;ZHANG Zifu;ZHU Faming;TANG Xuefeng(Engineering and Technology Research Center for Waterfowl Resources Development and Utilization and Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control of Henan Province,Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang,Henan 464000;Henan Muxiang Veterinary Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,Henan 451162)

机构地区：[1]信阳农林学院,河南省水禽资源开发利用与疫病防控工程技术研究中心,河南信阳464000 [2]河南牧翔动物药业有限公司,河南郑州451162

出　　处：《中国家禽》2022年第7期50-56,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(202102110240);河南省教育厅项目(16A230017);信阳农林学院青年基金项目(20200101);信阳农林学院青年骨干教师培养项目;郑州市“智汇郑州·1125聚才计划”创新人才项目。

摘　　要：为研究蜂毒素对热应激淮南麻鸭生产性能和免疫器官抗氧化能力的影响,试验将320只20日龄雄性淮南麻鸭随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸭。热应激组饲喂基础日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂添加0.08 g/kg、0.12 g/kg和0.16 g/kg蜂毒素的基础日粮。每天进行4 h热应激处理(温度36~38℃,相对湿度60%~70%),持续15 d,采集胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊,计算器官指数,检测胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)mRNA相对表达水平,以及谷胱甘肽(GSH)和SOD活性以及丙二醛(MDA)浓度。结果显示:添加蜂毒素对热应激鸭平均采食量、平均日增重、料肉比,以及胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数无显著性影响(P>0.05);与热应激组相比,Ⅰ组脾脏GSH-Px、SOD和CAT mRNA相对表达量显著增加,脾脏MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ组胸腺和脾脏GSH-Px、SOD和CAT与法氏囊SOD mRNA相对表达量、SOD活性均显著增加及脾脏MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅲ组热应激鸭胸腺和法氏囊SOD mRNA相对表达量显著增加(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮添加蜂毒素能提高热应激淮南麻鸭的抗氧化能力,缓解热应激导致的氧化应激损伤,以添加0.12 g/kg蜂毒素为宜。To investigate the effect of melittin on production performance and antioxidant capacity of immune organs of Huainan Partridge duck under heat stress,32020-day-age male Huainan Partridge ducks were randomly divided into 4 group with 4 replicates in each group and 20 ducks in each replicate.Heat stress group was fed with a basal diet,and groupⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed with the basal diet supplemented with 0.08 g/kg,0.12 g/kg and 0.16 g/kg melittin respectivly.Heat stress treatment was carried out for 4 hours per day(temperature 36 to 38℃,relative humidity 60%to 70%)for 15 days.The thymus,spleen and bursa of Fabricius were collected.The organ index was calculated by weighing.The relative expression levels of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)mRNA in thymus,spleen and bursa of Fabricius were detected.The activities of glutathione(GSH)and SOD and the concentration of malondialdehyde(MDA)were measured.The results showed as follows:Dietary melittin had no significant effect on the average feed intake,average daily gain,feed to meat ratio,and indices of thymus,spleen,bursa of Fabriciu of heat-stressed ducks in the three groups(P>0.05).Compared with heat stress group,the relative expression levels of GSH-Px,SOD and CAT mRNA in spleen of heat stressed ducks were significantly increased in groupⅠ,while the content of MDA was significantly decreased in spleen(P<0.05);The relative expression levels of GSH-Px,SOD and CAT mRNA expression in thymus and spleen,SOD mRNA expression and SOD activity in bursa of Fabricius of heat stressed ducks in groupⅡwere significantly increased,while the content of MDA in spleen was significantly decreased(P<0.05);The relative expression levels of SOD mRNA in thymus and bursa of Fabricius were increased significantly in groupⅢ(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding melittin to the feed could improve the antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed Huainan Partridge ducks,alleviate the oxidative stress damage caused by heat stress,and adding 0.12 g/kg melittin to the fee

关 键 词：蜂毒素 热应激 淮南麻鸭 免疫器官 抗氧化指标 

分 类 号：S834.4[农业科学—畜牧学]