纳米黑磷阻燃聚丙烯及对力学性能的影响  

Effect of black phosphorous nanosheet on the flame retardance and mechanical property of polypropylene

作　　者：李永翔 尹思浩 谢于辉 梅玉立 谢德龙[1,2,3] 梅毅 LI Yongxiang;YIN Sihao;XIE Yuhui;MEI Yuli;XIE Delong;MEI Yi(Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials,Kunming 650500,China;The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室,昆明650500 [3]云南省高校磷化工重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第7期3178-3190,共13页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划青年项目(202101AU070012);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2021J0050)。

摘　　要：利用球磨法制备了纳米黑磷(BP)与羟基锡酸锌(ZHS)复合的纳米复合阻燃剂ZHS-BP,将ZHS-BP通过熔融共混方式添加到聚丙烯(PP)中,研究了复合材料的热稳定性、燃烧性能和力学性能。结果表明BP和ZHS的加入都可以提高PP的热解残炭。仅添加2wt%BP可以使PP材料的极限氧指数由19.7%提高至23.8%,同时,BP的添加可以有效降低PP材料燃烧时的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)和总热释放量(THR),对比纯PP分别降低32.52%和17.80%。但是,BP的添加会导致PP有毒烟气释放的增加,通过引入ZHS作为抑烟剂,制备了ZHS-BP/PP复合材料,其烟气平均比消光面积(av-SEA)和CO释放较BP/PP分别降低了15.42%和29.76%。材料的力学性能测试表明,加入单一的BP或ZHS会降低PP的力学性能,而ZHS-BP复合体系的加入可以有效提高复合材料的力学性能。与BP/PP相比,ZHS-BP/PP复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂拉伸率分别提高了12.51%和4.04%。Ball-milling the mixture of black phosphorous(BP) and zinc hydroxyl stannate(ZHS) was carried out to prepare ZHS-BP nanocomposite, which was then introduced into polypropylene(PP) matrix as flame retardant via melt blending. The thermal stability, combustion and mechanical properties of the PP based composites were investigated. Results show that the addition of BP and ZHS could increase the carbon residue of PP, and only 2wt% BP increases the limiting oxygen index(LOI) of the BP/PP composite from 19.7%(for pure PP) to 23.8%. Moreover, BP can effectively reduce the peak heat release rate(PHRR) and total heat release(THR) of BP/PP composite, the values of which are decreased by 32.52% and 17.80% respectively compared with that of pure PP. However, the release of toxic gases from PP combustion is increased obviously as BP is added, ZHS was then introduced as the assistant agent to suppress the smoke release. As a result, the average specific extinction area(av-SEA) and CO emission of ZHS-BP/PP are decreased by 15.42% and 29.76% respectively compared with BP/PP. Mechanical properties test shows that merely adding BP or ZHS has negative effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. However,the addition of ZHS-BP nanocomposite effectively improves the mechanical properties. Compared with BP/PP, the tensile strength and breaking tensile ratio of ZHS-BP/PP composites are increased by 12.51% and 4.04%, respectively.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 纳米材料 黑磷 羟基锡酸锌 阻燃 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]