石墨烯-铁镍合金-聚乳酸复合材料的制备及其吸波性能  

Preparation of graphene-iron-nickel alloy-polylactic acid composites and their microwave absorption properties

作　　者：胡正浪 吴海华 杨增辉[1,2] 姜建堂 周建新[4] HU Zhenglang;WU Haihua;YANG Zenghui;JIANG Jiantang;ZHOU Jianxin(College of Mechanical and Power Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center for Graphite Additive Manufacturing Technology and Equipment,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学机械与动力学院,宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学石墨增材制造技术与装备湖北省工程研究中心,宜昌443002 [3]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [4]华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室,武汉430074

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第7期3303-3316,共14页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575313);华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术国家重点实验室开放课题研究基金(P2020-003)。

摘　　要：发展轻量化、宽频带的微波吸收材料来应对严重的电磁污染是一个巨大的挑战。本文通过熔融沉积成形(FDM)工艺制备出石墨烯(GR)-铁镍合金(FeNi50)-聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料,采用XRD、Raman、SEM和矢量网络分析仪(VNA)对复合材料的物相结构、微观形貌和电磁性能进行表征分析,并讨论了GR-FeNi50质量比对复合材料吸波性能的影响。结果表明,与未添加GR的复合材料相比,复合材料内部形成了触发极化损耗的异质界面,并产生了丰富的褶皱和孔隙,从而增强了微波的多次反射和散射;随着GR-FeNi50质量比的增加,吸波性能先增强、后减弱,当GR-FeNi50质量比为4∶20时,吸波性能最佳,最小反射损耗达到-40.5 dB,有效吸收带宽为4.7 GHz(13.28~18 GHz)。其优异的吸波性能归因于良好的阻抗匹配和界面极化损耗、偶极极化损耗、电导损耗、磁损耗之间的协同作用。此外,与湿化学法制备的吸波材料相比,GRFeNi50-PLA复合材料在环保、易加工和规模化生产方面具有优势。The development of lightweight, broadband microwave absorbing materials to cope with severe electromagnetic pollution is a great challenge. In this paper, graphene(GR)-iron-nickel alloy(FeNi50)-polylactic acid(PLA) composites were prepared by fused deposition modeling(FDM) process, and the physical structure, micromorphology and electromagnetic properties of the composites were characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM and vector network analyzer(VNA). The effects of the GR-FeNi50 mass ratio on the microwave absorption properties of the composites were discussed. The results show that, compared with the composites without GR addition, heterogeneous interfaces triggering polarization loss are formed inside the composites, and abundant folds and pores are generated, which enhance the multiple reflections and scattering of microwaves. The minimum reflection loss reaches-40.5 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth is 4.7 GHz(13.28-18 GHz). The excellent absorption performance is attributed to the good impedance matching and the synergy between interfacial polarisation loss, dipole polarisation loss, conductivity loss and magnetic loss. In addition, the GR-FeNi50-PLA composite has advantages in terms of environmental friendliness, ease of processing and scale production compared to the absorbing materials prepared by wet chemical methods.

关 键 词：复合材料 介电损耗 磁损耗 微波吸收 阻抗匹配 吸波材料 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TP391.73[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]