羧基化表面修饰纳米二氧化硅增强热塑性淀粉基生物降解塑料  

Thermoplastic starch-based biodegradable plastics reinforced by carboxylated surface modification of nano silica

作　　者：马宏鹏 秦文博 郭斌[1,2,3] 李盘欣 MA Hongpeng;QIN Wenbo;GUO Bin;LI Panxin(College of Science,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Agricultural and Forest Products Processing Academician Workstation of Henan Province,Luohe 462600,China;Post-Doctoral Research Center of Nanjiecun Group,Luohe 462600,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学理学院,南京210037 [2]河南省农林产品深加工院士工作站,漯河462600 [3]南街村集团博士后科研工作站,漯河462600

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2022年第7期3478-3484,共7页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：江苏省政府留学基金;南京林业大学“青年拔尖人才”;江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_0318)。

摘　　要：为了提高热塑性淀粉(TPS)的力学和耐水性能,用硅烷偶联剂KH550及丁二酸酐对纳米SiO_(2)微球(SM-COOH)表面进行羧基化改性以提高界面结合力,并通过挤出注塑工艺制备SM-COOH/TPS复合材料,研究了不同含量的SM-COOH对复合材料力学、动态热力学、热稳定、表面耐水及流变加工性能的影响。结果表明:SM-COOH的加入可显著提高TPS的性能。当SM-COOH含量为2.0wt%时,复合材料的拉伸强度及冲击强度分别达到最大值12.71 MPa和15.918 kJ/m^(2),相比纯TPS,分别提高近4倍和2.6倍;复合材料的热稳定性能达到最大值,最大分解速率所对应的温度为322.1℃;此时,复合材料的峰值和平衡扭矩适中,也具有较好的流变加工性能。此外,复合材料的转变温度和表面接触角则随着SM-COOH含量的增加而提高。因此,羧基化表面改性纳米SiO_(2)是一种能有效提高SM-COOH/TPS复合材料的力学和耐水等性能的方法,在淀粉基生物降解塑料领域具有广阔的发展和应用前景。In order to improve the mechanical properties and water resistance of thermoplastic starch(TPS),the carboxylated silica microspheres(SM-COOH)modified by coupling agent KH550 and succinic anhydride were used to prepare the SM-COOH/TPS composites by extrusion and injection molding process.The effects of different contents of SM-COOH on the mechanical properties,dynamic thermodynamics,thermal stability,surface water resistance and rheological properties of the composites were studied in details.The results show that the added SMCOOH can improve the performance of TPS.When the content of SM-COOH is 2.0wt%,the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites reach the maximum value of 12.71 MPa and 15.918 kJ/m^(2),respectively,which are nearly 4 times and 2.6 times higher than that of pure TPS.The temperature corresponding to the maximum decomposition rate in DTG curves reaches the maximum of 322.1℃,and the peak value and equilibrium torque of the composites are moderate,which shows the better rheological processing properties.In addition,with the increased SM-COOH content,the transition temperature and surface contact angle of composites also increase.Therefore,adding the carboxylated modified nano-SiO_(2) into TPS is an effective method to improve the performance of SMCOOH/TPS composites,and will be useful in the area of starch-based biodegradable plastics.

关 键 词：热塑性淀粉 二氧化硅 羧基化改性 复合材料 力学性能 生物降解塑料 

分 类 号：TQ321.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TQ342.41