低轨卫星对中继卫星可视性计算方法及应用  

Calculation Method and Application of Visibility of TDRS by LEO Satellite

作　　者：徐君 叶钊[1] 黄敏[1] 孙峻[1] 杨芳[1] 赵键[1] XU Jun;YE Zhao;HUANG Min;SUN Jun;YANG Fang;ZHAO Jian(DFH Satellite Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器工程》2022年第4期32-38,共7页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：针对低轨卫星绕任意欧拉轴转动时对高轨中继卫星通信的需求,文章提出一种考虑卫星实时姿态的低轨卫星对中继卫星可视计算方法。首先计算地球遮挡情况,然后考虑阳照区阴影区对低轨卫星姿态的影响,利用中继卫星和低轨卫星的空间指向关系,得到低轨卫星中继天线俯仰角和方位角,从而建立低轨卫星对中继卫星的可视计算模型,并利用在轨遥测数据对此方法进行了校验。在此基础上,以对日定向和对地定向两种典型姿态为例,分析了太阳同步轨道卫星对中继卫星的可视性。结果表明:虽然降交点地方时和季节会导致对日定向姿态角不同,但二者均不影响太阳同步轨道卫星与中继卫星的全天覆盖时长,对日定向时太阳同步轨道卫星与中继卫星的总可视时长相比对地姿态提升13.6%。文章提出的方法可作为低轨卫星中继数传模式设计、在轨任务规划的依据。To meet the requirement of an LEO satellite establishing a continuous data transmission link to a tracking and data relay satellite(TDRS)in any attitude,this paper proposes a method of computing accessible duration between a TDRS and LEO satellite with attitude offset.First,the occultation caused by Earth is computed.Then the effect of lighting or shadow area to satellite attitude is taken into account.Based on the space geometrical relationship between the TDRS and the LEO satellite,azimuth angle and pitch angle are acquired and the accessibility computing model between the TDRS and the LEO satellite is established.The method is verified by on-orbit satellite telemetry.Taking nadir-pointing and sun-pointing attitude as example,the visibility of SSO satellite tracking TDRS are analyzed.Results show that for a satellite with sun-pointing attitude,accessible duration per day is not related to local time of descending node or the season.Accessible duration per day of sun-pointing satellite is longer than nadir-pointing satellite for about 13.6%.This method can provide data support for the design of satellite attitude mode for data transmission and on-orbit mission planning.

关 键 词：中继卫星 卫星姿态 中继天线 可视时长 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]