塞罕坝地区人工针叶林径向生长对水热条件的响应  

Response of radial growth of artificial coniferous forest to hydrothermal conditions in Saihanba Area

作　　者：熊千志 杜恩在 薛峰 李文卿 周子建 赵守栋 江源[1,2] XIONG Qianzhi;DU Enzai;XUE Feng;LI Wenqing;ZHOU Zijian;ZHAO Shoudong;JIANG Yuan(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学中药资源保护与利用北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第13期5371-5380,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41771051,41630750)。

摘　　要：树木生长对水热条件响应的研究在揭示气候变化的生态影响中发挥着重要作用。为探讨水热因子对亚洲最大的人工针叶林生长的影响及不同树种生长—水热因子关系特征,选取塞罕坝地区龄级较高的人工针叶林群落的优势树种华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)和樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica),采集树木年轮样芯,并通过年轮宽度数据建立标准年表。通过分析两树种的标准年表数据与气温、地温、降水量、饱和水汽压差等水热因子的相关关系,揭示不同树种对水热因子响应的异同。研究结果显示:华北落叶松的生长受到6、7、9月的干旱胁迫和8月过多降水的限制,同时受到冬季较高的平均地温和降水的促进;樟子松的生长则受到夏季的高温干旱胁迫和8月过多降水的抑制,但8月较高的平均地温以及春季较高的平均最低地温对樟子松的生长存在明显促进作用。塞罕坝地区华北落叶松受干旱胁迫强于樟子松,而樟子松受较低地温的胁迫强于华北落叶松。考虑到区域增温的趋势,推断樟子松应是更适合在塞罕坝等半干旱地区继续进行大面积人工造林和经营管理的树种。The research on the responses of tree growth to the hydrothermal factors in the marginal areas, such as the agro-pastoral ecotone, has played a vital role in revealing the ecological impacts of climate change. To probe into the influences of hydrothermal condition on the artificial coniferous forest growth, and the characteristic features of tree growth to its hydrothermal factors within different coniferous tree species, we chose the Saihanba Area, where the largest artificial coniferous forests in the Asian region were growing, as the sampling area. We sampled the tree ring data in high age-class artificial forests from two dominant afforestation species, the Larix principis-rupprechtii(larch) and the Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica(pine), and built up two standard tree-ring width chronologies for those two species based on lab analyses. Through examining the correlations between the chronologies of the two species and the local climatic factors including air temperature, surface temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure deficit, and so on, we have further revealed the similarities and differences of those two species in responding to the driving hydrothermal factors. The results are shown as follows. The growth of the larch was limited by the drought stress in June, July and September, and by the excessive rainfall in August, but promoted by the warm surface temperature and relatively more precipitation in winter. Similarly, the growth of the pine was confined by the drought stress resulted from the higher temperature in whole summer, as well as by the over-wet rainfall in August, but promoted apparently by the warm surface temperature in August, as well as by the relatively higher level in the lowest mean surface temperature in spring. The above results suggested that in Saihanba Area, the larch confronted more severe drought stress than that the pine did, but at the same time the larch underwent stronger stress in lower surface temperature than that pine did. Concerning the ever-increasing trend of temperat

关 键 词：树木年轮 径向生长 气候水热变化 人工林 地温 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]