关于典型磷石膏成分特点及淋滤影响的研究  

A Study on the Characteristics of Typical Phosphogypsum Components and the Effects of Leaching

作　　者：胡兆明 郭国清 张华丽 刘雁 HU Zhao-ming;GUO Guo-qing;ZHANG Hua-li;LIU Yan(Wuhuan Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430223,China;School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中国五环工程有限公司,湖北武汉430223 [2]武汉工程大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《化肥设计》2022年第4期16-20,共5页Chemical Fertilizer Design

摘　　要：采用XRD、XRF、分光光度、选择电极等方法对磷石膏典型样品的物相成分、化学成分进行分析,用土柱淋滤法对新排的和堆存2年的磷石膏进行了淋滤影响研究。结果表明,各种磷石膏物相由石膏和少量石英、长石组成,二水工艺有未反应磷灰石,半水-二水工艺有未水化硬石膏。所有样品的重金属含量都在标准限值内,不会造成重金属污染;新排的和堆存2年以上磷石膏的污染物含量和pH值均远高于标准限值,为一般工业固废Ⅱ类。淋滤会使磷石膏中的磷、氟进入淋滤液,但随着污染物浓度降低,淋出效率渐次下降,仍不能使其达到一般工业固废Ⅰ类限值。只有主动实施无害化处置,才能真正消除磷石膏对环境的威胁。Typical samples of phosphogypsum were studied through XRD,XRF,spectrophotometry,selective electrode and other methods to understand its phase composition and chemical components.Effects of leaching on newly discharged phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum stored for 2 years were studied by soil column leaching.Results show that different types of phosphogypsum are generally composed of gypsum and a small amount of quartz and feldspar.Phosphogypsum generated in the dihydrate process contains unreacted phosphorite,and that from the hemi-dihydrate process contains unhydrated anhydrite.The heavy metal content of all samples is within the limit and will not cause heavy metal pollution,but other pollutant contents and pH value of both the newly discharged phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum that have been stored for more than 2 years are high above the limit,making it Class II general industrial solid waste.Leaching can bring phosphorus and fluorine out of phosphogypsum into the leachate but the leaching efficiency decreases as the concentration of pollutants goes down in the gypsum,so it is still hard to reach the Class I general industrial solid waste limit.Only active harmless disposal can remove the threat of phosphogypsum to the environment.

关 键 词：磷石膏 物相组成 污染物成分 重金属 淋滤 

分 类 号：TQ177.375[化学工程—硅酸盐工业]