猕猴桃褐斑病病情调查及病原菌鉴定  

Investigation on the occurrence of kiwifruit brown spot and identification of pathogenic bacteria

作　　者：邹玉萍 王仁才[1] 崔丽红[2] 王琰 ZOU Yuping;WANG Rencai;CUI Lihong;WANG Yan(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Hunan Vocational College for Nationalities,Jishou 416001,Hunan,China;Hunan Biological And Electromechanical Polytechnic,Changsha 410127,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湘西民族职业技术学院,湖南吉首416001 [3]湖南生物机电职业技术学院,湖南长沙410127

出　　处：《湖南林业科技》2022年第4期1-8,共8页Hunan Forestry Science & Technology

基　　金：湖南省农业农村厅项目(湘财农指[2021]46号);省教科联合项目(2020JJ0007)。

摘　　要：2021年5月至2022年3月,对湘南、湘中北、湘西等湖南省猕猴桃代表性产区进行褐斑病病情调查,并采集病叶样品进行病原菌分离与鉴定。结果显示:调查区猕猴桃褐斑病平均病株率和病叶率分别为76.75%和54.13%,平均病情指数为26.31;最严重的果园病叶率达到95.00%,病情指数达51.83。在各果园,“红阳”猕猴桃褐斑病病情均很严重。同一地区不同栽培管理水平的果园,其病情有极大的差别;一般化管理的“红阳”猕猴桃褐斑病病叶率和病情指数分别为59.00%、27.62,粗放式管理的分别为76.00%、33.47,精细化管理的分别为4.00%、2.67。同一地区不同的栽培品种之间病情也存在差异;长沙园区“红阳”和“翠玉”猕猴桃褐斑病的病叶率分别为65.60%和40.00%,病情指数分别为30.37和17.53;凤凰园区“红阳”和“米良1号”猕猴桃的病叶率分别为95.00%和20.00%,病情指数分别为51.83和14.91。根据科赫式法则以及形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定结果,确定湖南省代表性猕猴桃产区褐斑病的病原菌为多主棒孢菌和叶点霉菌。From May 2021 to March 2022, the disease condition of brown spot was investigated in representative kiwifruit producing areas of southern, central northern, and western Hunan Province, and samples of diseased leaves were collected for pathogen isolation and identification. The results showed that the average incidence and leaf rate of brown spot were 76.75% and 54.13%, and the average disease index was 26.31. The disease rate of the most serious orchard was 95.00% and the disease index was 51.83. In all orchards, the brown spot of "Hongyang" kiwifruit was very serious. Orchards with different cultivation and management levels in the same area had great differences in their diseases. The disease rate and disease index of "Hongyang" kiwifruit in general management were 59.00% and 27.62 respectively. Those in extensive management were 76.00% and 33.47 respectively, and those in fine management were 4.00% and 2.67 respectively. There were also differences among different cultivars in the same area. The diseased leaf rates of "Hongyang" and "Cuiyu" kiwifruit in Changsha Park were 65.60% and 40.00% respectively, and the disease indexes were 30.37 and 17.53 respectively. The diseased leaf rates of "Hongyang" and "Miliang No.1" in Fenghuang Park were 95.00% and 20.00% respectively, and the disease index is 51.83 and 14.91 respectively.According to Koch’s rule, morphological observation and molecular biological identification, the pathogen of brown spot in representative kiwifruit producing areas in Hunan Province were mainly Corynespora cassiicola and Phyllosticta capitalensis.

关 键 词：猕猴桃 褐斑病 病情调查 病原菌分离 病原菌鉴定 

分 类 号：S436.634[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]