应用BLUP方法对猪繁殖性状和生长性状遗传评估的研究  

Study on Genetic Evaluation of Reproductive and Growth Traits in Pigs by BLUP Method

作　　者：杨涛 张敏婕 徐然 张涵 张萌萌 吴克亮[1] YANG Tao;ZHANG Mingjie;XU Ran;ZHANG Han;ZHANG Mengmeng;WU Keliang(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Panzhihua City,Panzhihua 617000,China;Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Company Limited,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]攀枝花市农业农村局,攀枝花617000 [3]北京首农畜牧发展有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2022年第8期2971-2981,共11页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFF1000603);现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC02-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】估计杜洛克猪(Duroc,DD)、长白猪(Landrace,LL)、大白猪(Yorkshire,YY)繁殖性状和生长性状的遗传参数,分析不同年份育种值变化的遗传趋势,为制定合理的育种方案提供理论依据。【方法】以杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状和生长性状的性能测定数据为研究材料,其中繁殖性状数据10963条,包括总产仔数(total number born,TNB)、产活仔数(number born alive,NBA)、出生窝重(litter born weight,LBW)和21日龄窝重(litter weight at 21 days,LW21);生长性状数据25257条,包括达100 kg体重日龄(age at 100 kg live weight,AGE)和达100 kg体重背膘厚(backfat adjusted to 100 kg,BF)。采用基于动物模型的最佳线性无偏预测(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)方法,使用ASReml统计分析软件进行遗传力、遗传相关和育种值估计。【结果】TNB、NBA和LBW的遗传力在0.08~0.20之间,LW21的遗传力在0.02~0.05之间;AGE和BF的遗传力在0.22~0.37之间。繁殖性状TNB、NBA、LBW、LW21的遗传相关系数总体分布在0.20~0.97之间,呈中等偏上正相关;生长性状AGE和BF的遗传相关系数分布在-0.07~-0.03之间,呈微弱的负相关。杜洛克猪繁殖性状的遗传趋势上升幅度较大,长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状的遗传趋势上升幅度较小;生长性状中AGE的遗传趋势均呈下降趋势,且下降幅度较大,BF的遗传趋势变化幅度较小。【结论】本研究对杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状和生长性状的遗传参数和遗产趋势进行了准确的评估,结果可为该育种场的育种工作提供参考。【Objective】The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic parameters of reproductive and growth traits in Duroc(DD),Landrace(LL)and Yorkshire(YY)pigs,and analyze the genetic trend changes of breeding values in different years,so as to provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing breeding programs.【Method】The data of reproductive and growth traits in DD,LL and YY were used as the research materials.The 10963 reproductive trait records,including total number born(TNB),number born alive(NBA),litter born weight(LBW)and litter weight at 21 days(LW21),and 25257 growth trait records,including age at 100 kg live weight(AGE)and backfat adjusted to 100 kg(BF),were used in this study.The best linear unbiased prediction(BLUP)method based on animal model was used to estimate heritability,genetic correlation and breeding values by ASReml package.【Result】The heritability of TNB,NBA and LBW ranged from 0.08 to 0.20,and the heritability of LW21 ranged from 0.02 to 0.05.The heritability of AGE and BF traits ranged from 0.22 to 0.37.The genetic correlation coefficients of reproductive traits of TNB,NBA,LBW and LW21 ranged from 0.20 to 0.97,which showed moderately positive correlations.The genetic correlation coefficients of AGE and BF ranged from-0.07 to-0.03,which showed slightly negative correlations.The genetic trend of reproductive traits of DD increased significantly,while that of LL and YY increased slightly.Among the growth traits,the genetic trends of AGE changed significantly,While the genetic trends of BF were varied less.【Conclusion】This study accurately evaluated the genetic parameters and genetic trends of reproductive and growth traits of DD,LL and YY,the results could provide reference for the breeding work of the breeding field.

关 键 词：猪 BLUP方法 遗传评估 繁殖性状 生长性状 

分 类 号：S813.3[农业科学—畜牧学]