预防全身麻醉苏醒期气管拔管反应的研究进展  

Research progress on prevention of tracheal extubation response during recovery from general anesthesia

作　　者：唐弘 杨明 李洪 Tang Hong;Yang Ming;Li Hong(Department of Anesthesiology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学第二附属医院麻醉科,重庆400016

出　　处：《新医学》2022年第8期541-545,共5页Journal of New Medicine

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC2019jcyj-zdxmX0001)。

摘　　要：在全身麻醉气管拔管过程中,吸痰、拔管的机械刺激不仅会引起患者呛咳、支气管痉挛等呼吸道反应,还会引起高血压、心动过速、心律失常等血流动力学波动,引发心脑血管意外,甚至危及生命。目前已有多种方法可用于降低气管拔管反应的发生率,包括使用阿片类药物、局部麻醉药和血管活性药等,还可使用喉罩、经皮穴位电刺激等方法。该文回顾了预防全身麻醉气管拔管反应各种措施的研究进展。In the process of tracheal extubation following general anesthesia,mechanical stimulation of sputum suction and extubation will not only cause airway reactions,such as cough and bronchospasm,but also provoke hemodynamic fluctuations,such as hypertension,tachycardia and arrhythmia,which will lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents and even life-threatening events.At present,multiple methods have been employed to reduce the incidence of tracheal extubation response,including medication,such as use of opioids,local anesthetics and vasodilators,as well as laryngeal mask replacement and acupuncture with percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,etc.In this article,the research progresses on different measures to prevent tracheal extubation response during the recovery of general anesthesia were reviewed.

关 键 词：全身麻醉 气管 拔管反应 血流动力学 呛咳 

分 类 号：R614.2[医药卫生—麻醉学]