从空间组织角度看新冠肺炎疫情隔离管控中的问题及对策建议  

Problems and Suggestions on COVID-19’s Quarantine and Isolation from Perspective of Spatial Organization

作　　者：孙炜[1] 金凤君 SUN Wei;JIN Fengjun(Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2022年第8期1108-1115,共8页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA19040403)。

摘　　要：隔离管控是遏制新冠肺炎疫情传播蔓延的有效手段,但在隔离管控中暴露出来的城市管理、社会民生等方面问题值得深思。文章首先梳理了近期新冠肺炎疫情隔离管控中出现的5类问题,并在扼要回顾了国内外相关研究后提出从结合系统论思维的空间组织角度展开研究是契合的方向;进而从空间组织与系统科学的客观规律出发探究问题背后的原因,指出了从理论上缺乏对隔离管控决策的系统化考量,从实践上缺乏常态到非常态切换的准备是造成问题的根源。最后,文章从空间组织体系的优化、基础设施与能力建设、后备演练机制等3方面提出了建议。Quarantine and isolation are effective means to prevent transmission of COVID-19,but the problems arised during the period of quarantine and isolation are worth pondering.This article first streamlines five types of problems during the recent period of quarantine and isolation.Based on a brief review of related research on domestic and international literature,the article argues that it will be a suitable approach to carry out research from the perspective of spatial organization combined with the concept of systems theory.Then,it explores the reasons of the aforementioned problems from the objective laws of spatial organization and systems theory.It points out that the lack of systematical consideration of quarantine and isolation decisions in theory and the absence of preparations for switching from normal to abnormal status in practice are the fundamental reasons.Finally,three policy suggestions have been proposed from the perspectives of the optimization of spatial organization system,the enhancement of infrastructure and capabilities,and the backup mechanism and drills.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 隔离管控 空间组织 中心化层级管理 非中心化自治 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]