浙江省小学生用眼卫生相关知识态度行为现况研究  

Survey on knowledge,attitude and behaviors on hygiene use of eyes among pupils in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：陈赫妮 吴青青[1] 徐水洋[1] 徐越[1] 吕巧红[1] CHEN He-ni;WU Qing-qing;XU Shui-yang;XU Yue;Lü Qiao-hong(Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou 310051,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310051

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2022年第6期487-490,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：浙江省疾病预防控制中心青年科技项目人才培养计划。

摘　　要：目的 了解浙江省小学生的用眼卫生相关知识、态度、行为现状,为更有针对性地实施用眼卫生健康教育与行为干预提供科学依据。方法 2018年采用分层整群随机抽样,在浙江省宁波市、舟山市抽取小学各4所,并采用自编结构式问卷,对4747名二至五年级小学生进行用眼卫生相关知识、态度、行为的问卷调查。结果 小学生对看电视(33.53%)和用电脑的正确视觉环境(40.90%)的知晓率低于正确读写姿势(79.00%)、正确读写视觉环境(79.49%)和用眼疲劳后远眺(83.49%)的知晓率;小学生的用眼卫生相关态度形成率均高于85.00%以上,用眼卫生相关行为形成率普遍低于32.00%;小学生每天完成作业<1 h(52.67%)的比例低于每天看电视<1 h(89.32%)、每天用电脑<1 h(95.09%)、每天看手机平板<1 h(91.09%)的比例。结论 浙江省小学生的预防近视知识体系存在薄弱点,应针对学生的知识盲区,开展兼顾系统性和个性化的健康教育,并结合针对性的行为干预促进学生的健康用眼行为,避免不良用眼行为。Objective To learn about the prevalence of knowledge,attitude and behavior on hygiene use of eyes among pupils in Zhejiang province,and to provide scientific evidence for health education and behavioral intervention on hygiene use of eyes.Methods 4747 pupils from Grade 2 to 5 in 8 primary schools in Zhejiang Province were selected by stratified multilevel cluster random sampling method and investigated with a questionnaire survey.Results The percentages of pupils who knew correct environment for watching(33.53%) or playing computer(40.90%) were lower than that who knew correct reading and writing posture(79.00%),correct environment for reading and writing(79.49%),looking far into the distance after reading for a long time(83.49%).Pupils′ positive attitude for preventing myopia(>85.00%)was high while their positive practice for preventing myopia was relatively low(<32.00%).Pupils′ course load was heavy,with the rate of performing homework <1 h/day(52.67%) lower than that of watching TV<1 h/day(89.32%),playing computer<1 h/day(95.09%),playing phone or tablet computer <1 h/day(91.09%).Conclusion Pupils′ knowledge for myopia prevention was not complete,and systematic and targeted health education should be carried out to complete pupils′ knowledge about myopia prevention,with effective behavior intervention to promote pupils′ hygiene use of eyes and prevent bad behavior for eye use.

关 键 词：预防近视 用眼 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]