新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对HIV/AIDS病人服药依从性的影响及关联因素分析  

The impact of COVID-19 on medication compliance in HIV/AIDS patients and its correlation factor analysis

作　　者：白欣苑 乔昆 金倩莹 刘涵 秦廷廷 谷明宇 王尧 王晓兰[2] 段君义 李星明[1] BAI Xin-yuan;QIAO Kun;JIN Qian-ying;LIU Han;QIN Ting-ting;GU Ming-yu;WANG Yao;WANG Xiao-lan;DUAN Jun-Yi;LI Xing-ming(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2022年第6期532-537,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：首都中医药和护理学重点课题《HIV/AIDS社会支持和社会关爱干预模式研究》(13HL02)。

摘　　要：目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情,对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称“HIV/AIDS病人”)抗病毒治疗(Antiretroviral therapy,ART)的依从性影响及关联因素,为疫情防控常态化时期下制定该类人群健康管理的对策提供参考。方法 选取开始ART的275名HIV/AIDS病人,非疫情期采用面对面调查,疫情期采用电话访问式、邮寄式及网络问卷调查多种形式,内容包括社会人口学特征、健康管理及服药情况。用SPSS 25.0软件进行描述统计和单因素、多因素分析。结果 单因素分析结果显示,疫情前后HIV/AIDS服药依从性得分差值差异有统计学意义(P=0.045),且疫情期的差值(-0.06±0.07)低于非疫情期(0.16±0.08);多重线性回归结果显示,在婚(β=-0.271,P=0.030)、家庭人均月收入大于7000元(β=-0.683,P=0.008)、城镇居民医疗保险(β=1.105,P<0.001)、新农合(β=0.864,P<0.001)与HIV/AIDS服药依从性差值之间存在统计学关联,是否疫情期(β=-0.094,P=0.401)的影响不显著。结论 HIV/AIDS病人的服药依从性会受COVID-19的影响,同时更容易受HIV/AIDS病人婚姻状况、收入及医疗保险类型的影响。建议在疫情防控常态化的形势下做好HIV/AIDS的健康管理工作,为其治疗提供保障。Objective To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on compliance status and risk factors in the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) patients who are on anti-retrovirus therapy(ART) and provide scientific evidence for the health management of those patients.Methods A total of 275 people with HIV/AIDS who started ART in the initial phase of the project were selected.Patients were interviewed face-to-face during the pre-epidemic period and by telephone interview,postal and online questionnaires during the epidemic period.Contents of interviews included socio demographic characteristics,health management and drug compliance.Descriptive statistics,univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out by SPSS 25.0.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the adherence score difference between the epidemic period and the pre-epidemic period(P=0.045),and the value in the epidemic period(-0.06±0.07) was lower than pre-epidemic period(0.16±0.08).The results of multiple linear regression indicated there were statistical correlations between married(β=-0.271,P=0.030),having an income greater than 7000 RMB(β=-0.683,P=0.008),urban residents′ health insurance(β=1.105,P<0.001),the new rural cooperative medical insurance(β=0.864,P<0.001)and the net benefit value for medication compliance of HIV/AIDS patients.In addition,there wasn′t significant difference between the pre-epidemic period,and the epidemic period in the net value.Conclusion Medication compliance among HIV/AIDS patients is affected by COVID-19 and is more likely to be affected by HIV/AIDS patient marital status,income,and type of medical insurance.It is suggested that the health management of HIV/AIDS patients during epidemic period should be further improved to provide guarantee for its treatment.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病人 抗病毒治疗 服药依从性 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]