社会资本与老年人健康相关行为的关联分析  

The association between social capital and health-related behaviors among the aged population

作　　者：李扬萩[1] 高博[2] 张敏[3] LI Yang-qiu;GAO Bo;ZHANG Min(School of Health and Intelligent Engineering,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院大健康与智能工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,四川成都610041 [3]四川警察学院侦查系,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2022年第5期398-402,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(17BGL189)。

摘　　要：目的 了解老年人社会资本与其健康相关行为的关联。方法 应用整群随机抽样的方法抽取1048名60岁及以上老年人,对该人群的社会资本及健康相关行为进行问卷调查;采用SPSS 20.0进行描述性统计分析、因子分析、t检验和二元Logistic回归。结果 收回有效问卷934份(有效问卷回收率为89.1%);对老年人社会资本进行因子分析,共提取出7个因子。Logistic回归模型显示,在成都市被调查老年人中,B2-家庭支持因子是其吸烟行为的保护因素;C3-社区支持因子是饮酒行为的危险因素;A1-人际交往因子是饮食习惯的危险因素,C2-社区参与因子是饮食习惯的保护因素;A1-人际交往因子、C2-社区参与因子、C3-社区支持因子是锻炼习惯的保护因素;B1-家庭功能因子、B2-家庭支持因子、C3-社区支持因子是睡眠时间的保护因素;A2-人际支持因子、B2-家庭支持因子、C2-社区参与因子、C3-社区支持因子是体检行为的危险因素;B1-家庭功能因子是住院行为的保护因素。结论 社会参与对老年人体育锻炼起到促进作用,社交网络对老年人的体检行为呈趋同作用,家庭支持对老年人的健康行为有强化作用。Objective To investigate the association between social capital and the impact of social capital on the health-related behaviors of an aging population.Methods 1048 people aged 60 years and above were selected by cluster random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on their social capital and health-related behaviors.SPSS 20.0 was used for descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, t-test and logistic regression.Results 934 valid questionnaires returned(recovery rate of valid questionnaires is 89.1%). Seven factors were extracted by factor analysis of the social capital.Logistic regression models showed that among the elderly, B2-family support factor was the protective factor of smoking behavior;C3-community support factor was a risk factor for drinking behavior;A1-interpersonal factor was the risk factor of the eating habits;C2-community participation factor was the protective factor of the eating habits;A1-interpersonal communication factor, C2-community involvement factor and C3-community support factor were protective factors of exercise habits;B1-family functioning factor, B2-family support factor, and C3-community support factor were protective factors for sleep duration, A2-interpersonal support factor, B2-family support factor, C2-community involvement factor, and C3-community support factor were risk factors for physical examination behavior;B1 family function factor was the protective factor of hospitalization behavior.Conclusion Social participation plays a role in promoting physical activity, social networks have a convergent effect in physical examination behavior, and family support has a reinforcing effect on the health behavior of the elderly population.

关 键 词：社会资本 健康相关行为 老年人 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]