小型多级空气压缩机单向阀特性分析及优化设计  

Characteristic Analysis and Optimization Design of Check Valve for Small Multistage Air Compressor

作　　者：苏智剑[1] 陈晨[1] SU Zhijian;CHEN Chen(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2022年第5期65-70,77,共7页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB0104101-5)。

摘　　要：针对小型空气压缩机多级化带来的各级阀门的差异问题,使用单向阀进行配流,研究单向阀参数对斜盘式空气压缩机排气量和压力脉动的影响规律,并对阀门参数和压缩机转速进行优化设计。首先建立单向阀和斜盘式空气压缩机单个气缸的数学模型,再通过更改转速,进、排气阀弹簧刚度和预紧量,得到了转速、阀门参数对压缩机排气量和压力脉动的影响规律。同时以降低压力脉动和提升排气量为目标,采用粒子群优化算法对多级空压机进行优化,得到每级气缸应匹配的最优转速和阀门参数,再确定整体转速,优化得到转速一致时每级气缸阀门的最优参数。结果表明:进气阀参数对压缩机排气量和压力脉动的影响较排气阀来说更大,增加进气阀弹簧刚度和预紧量会降低压力脉动和排气量,增加排气阀刚度和预紧量会增加压力脉动;此外,优化使得各级气缸的压力脉动分别降低了26.5%、36.1%,排气量分别提升了66.9%、48.9%。In order to solve the problem of valve difference caused by multistage small air compressor,the check valve was applied to carry out flow distribution,the influence of one-way valve parameters on the displacement and pressure pulsation of swash plate compressors was studied,and the valve parameters and compressor speed were optimized.Firstly,the mathematical models of single cylinder of one-way valve and swash plate air compressor were established,and then the influence rules of speed and valve parameters on compressor exhaust volume and pressure pulsation were obtained by changing the rotational speed,spring stiffness and preload of inlet and outlet valves.At the same time,in order to reduce the pressure pulsation and improve the exhaust volume as the goal,the particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the multistage air compressor,the optimal speed and valve parameters being be matched for each stage of the cylinder were obtained.Then the overall speed was determined,and the optimal parameters of each stage of the cylinder valve were optimized when the speed was consistent.The results showed that the parameters of the inlet valve had a greater effect on the exhaust volume and pressure pulsation than exhaust valve.Increasing the spring stiffness and preload of the inlet valve would reduce the pressure pulsation and exhaust volume,while increasing the stiffness and preload of the exhaust valve would increase the pressure pulsation.In addition,the pressure pulsation of all cylinders was reduced by 26.5%and 36.1%respectively,and the displacement volume increased by 66.9%and 48.9%,respectively.

关 键 词：多级空气压缩机 单向阀 特性分析 粒子群优化 仿真 

分 类 号：TH45[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]