软硬件综合AADL可靠性建模及分析方法  

Hardware-software Integrated Reliability Modeling and Analysis Using AADL

作　　者：陆寅[1] 秦树东 郭鹏 董云卫[1] LU Yin;QIN Shu-Dong;GUO Peng;DONG Yun-Wei(School of Computer Science,Northwest Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;College of Computer Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute,AVIC,Xi’an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学计算机学院,陕西西安710072 [2]南京航空航天大学计算机科学与技术学院,江苏南京211106 [3]中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《软件学报》2022年第8期2995-3014,共20页Journal of Software

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62192733)。

摘　　要：目前嵌入式系统广泛应用于航空电子、远程医疗、汽车电子等具有高可靠性要求的系统中.随着嵌入式系统的复杂度越来越高,为了保障系统的高可靠性需求,需要在系统开发的早期设计阶段对系统的可靠性进行分析评估,以提高系统的开发效率.嵌入式系统中软硬件功能的失效都会对系统可靠性产生影响,而AADL的可靠性模型缺乏对硬件构件错误的影响及传播机制进行刻画分析的能力.综合考虑软硬件错误发生失效后对系统可靠性的影响,提出了一种面向系统架构级别的软硬件综合可靠性分析方法.该方法基于电子电路设计中事务级建模方法,扩展了AADL事务级错误模型的语法和语义,来支持AADL对硬件构件错误传播的硬件功能行为建模,在此基础上,利用AADL模型实例化机制实现对嵌入式系统可靠性建模,刻画了错误行为在硬件构件之间、软硬件构件之间的传播与影响.同时,定义了AADL硬件构件事务级错误模型到广义随机Petri网模型的映射规则,实现了系统软硬件综合的可靠性行为仿真计算模型组合,支持嵌入式系统的软硬件综合可靠性分析.开发了软硬件综合可靠性建模与分析工具原型,并以某型飞机空气增压系统为例,在航空电子系统架构设计中进行尝试,验证了该方法在复杂嵌入式系统设计中进行软硬件综合可靠性分析的可行性与优越性.The embedded system has been wildly applied in safety-critical system,such as aviation system,automobile systems,and telemedicine.However,reliability is not a property of these embedded systems that can be easily assured,for that the complexity of system architecture also increased rapidly.Thus,the reliability analysis and verification should be conducted in early design stages,so that to provide highly reliable and qualified systems while avoid economy and efficiency lose.In an embedded system,the system reliability is affected by both hardware errors,software defects,and hardware-software interactive failures.Although many achievements have been accomplished in the field of hardware-software integrated reliability analysis,they are not suitable to be applied in the early stages of system design and implementation.The SAE architecture analysis and design language(AADL)has provided an effective means of system architecture design and non-functional property verification,but it is not capable of hardware-software integrated reliability analysis for that its error model annex concentrates on software component error behavior modeling,and it cannot effectively describe the hardware error impact and propagation mechanism.An architecture level hardware-software integrated reliability modeling and analysis method,which considers the impact of both hardware,software and hardware-software interactive errors simultaneously,is proposed in this study.Combined with the transaction level modeling method in electronic circuit design,the proposed method extends the syntax and semantics of AADL in transaction level error behavior modeling to support the fine description of hardware component error and error propagation.Mapping rules from the enhanced AADL reliability model to generalized stochastic Petri net model are also proposed,so that the reliability model can be converted into calculation model to complete the hardware-software integrated reliability analysis and assessment of embedded system.A prototype IDE toolkit which

关 键 词：架构分析与设计语言 复杂嵌入式系统 事务级错误模型 软硬件综合 可靠性分析 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]