我国防洪减灾三维数字流域应用综述  

Review on Application of 3D digital watershed for flood management and disaster reduction in China

作　　者：刘业森[1,2,3] 周芹 刘媛媛[1,2,3] 穆杰[1,2] LIU Yesen;ZHOU Qin;LIU Yuanyuan;MU Jie(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038;Research Center on Flood and Drought Disaster Reduction of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038;Key Laboratory of River Basin Digital Twinning of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038;SuperMap Software Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100015)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]水利部防洪抗旱减灾工程技术研究中心,北京100038 [3]水利部数字孪生流域重点实验室,北京100038 [4]北京超图软件股份有限公司,北京100015

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2022年第8期39-43,60,共6页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52009147)。

摘　　要：防洪减灾涉及的多专业、多尺度、多层面信息需要数字流域的支撑,随着倾斜摄影、虚拟仿真、BIM、数字孪生、智能感知等新技术的发展,数字流域的展现形式由二维地图升级到三维场景。首先回顾了主流三维基础平台在国内的应用发展历程,并结合文献检索结果对主流三维平台特点进行了对比和介绍;其次梳理了国内的防洪减灾三维数字流域相关实践应用,将其过程划分为发展期-平稳期-高峰期,指出目前尚存在标准规范不够、模型集成不足、仿真效果不佳等问题;最后,对防洪减灾三维数字流域的应用方向进行了展望,提出了三维数字孪生流域、水运动过程仿真模拟、智慧化/智能化3个应用方向。分析方法和研究结论可供相关专业、技术人员借鉴参考。The multi-disciplinary, multi-scale and multi-level information involved in flood management and disaster reduction needs the support of digital watershed. With the development of new technologies such as tilt photography, virtual simulation, BIM, digital twin, intelligent perception, the display form of digital watershed has been upgraded from 2D map to 3D scene. Firstly, the application and development of mainstream 3D platform in China are reviewed, and the characteristics of several mainstream 3D platforms are compared and summerized based on the results of literature retrieval;Then, combined with specific cases, the relevant practice and application of 3D digital watershed for flood management and disaster reduction in China are sorted out, and the process is divided into development, stable period and peak periods, and it is pointed out that there are still some problems such as insufficient standards and specifications, insufficient model coupling and poor simulation effect at present;Finally, the future development direction of 3D digital watershed for flood management and disaster reduction is prospected, and three application directions are proposed which are 3D digital twin watershed, water movement process simulation and intellectualization The analysis methods and conclusions can be used for reference by relevant professionals and technicians.

关 键 词：三维平台 防洪减灾 数字流域 虚拟仿真 数字孪生 

分 类 号：TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程]