组织知识创造视角下美国国家实验室的组织管理经验和启示--基于美国能源部联邦资助研发中心的研究  

Experience and Enlightenment of the Organization and Management of American National Laboratories from the Perspective of Organizational Knowledge Creation:Based on the Analysis of the FederallyFunded R&D Centers of the U.S.Department of Energy

作　　者：李振国 LI Zhenguo(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《开发研究》2022年第2期40-46,共7页Research On Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“知识生产新模式下公立科研机构建构创新网络的动力机制、行为策略与政策激励研究”(71974185)。

摘　　要：美国能源部联邦资助研发中心是美国国家实验室体系的重要组成,也是知识创造的关键载体,基于组织知识创造视角,总结其组织管理经验对我国国家实验室建设有重要参考价值。在系统梳理组织知识创造理论研究进展的基础上,结合美国能源部联邦资助研发中心知识创造的特点,识别了知识创造的关键场域,并探讨了不同场域中知识创造的过程,以及需要关注的重点问题。针对任务转化、内部创造、外部合作三个场域构建中的问题,从活动和制度两个方面分别对美国联邦政府及联邦资助研发中心的重要举措进行了梳理、分析,归纳、总结了凝练科研任务、平衡行政管理与科研组织等方面的经验,并提出了对我国国家实验室建设的启示。Federally funded R&D centers of the U.S.Department of Energy are an important part of the U.S.National Laboratory System,and a pivotal vehicle for knowledge creation.Based on the perspective of organizational knowledge creation,this paper summarizes its experience of organization and management,which throws light on the development of China’s national laboratories.Based on a systematic review of organizational knowledge creation theories and their development,and also regarding the features of knowledge creation of the Federally Funded R&D Centers,this paper identifies its key fields of knowledge creation,and discusses the process of knowledge creation in different fields,as well as key issues need to be concerned.Then,to address the issues of three fields:task transformation,internal creation and external cooperation;this paper reviews and analyzes important measures taken by the U.S.federal government and Federally Funded R&D Centers from the aspects of activities and system;it generalize and summarizes the experience of refining scientific research tasks,balancing administrative management and scientific research organization,etc.and proposes the enlightenment on the construction of China’s national laboratories.

关 键 词：国家实验室 联邦资助研发中心 组织知识创造 管理经验 

分 类 号：G311[文化科学]