农村外出劳动力回流决策的影响因素--基于健康人力资本视角  

Factors Affecting Rural Labor Force’s Decision to Return to Rural Areas:From the Perspective of Health Human Capital

作　　者：樊敏杰 张祎萌 FAN Minjie;ZHANG Yimeng(School of Public Finance and Taxation,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学财政税务学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《开发研究》2022年第2期100-111,共12页Research On Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“农民工流动与健康的双向影响机制研究”(17CRK002);河南省软科学研究项目“河南省财政卫生支出与健康不平等问题研究”(222400410618);河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目“全面建成小康社会后相对贫困治理长效机制与政策研究”(2021BJJ018)。

摘　　要：利用中国家庭收入调查数据(CHIP),选取自评健康作为健康水平的衡量指标,利用4个嵌套的logit模型,实证分析了健康对农村外出劳动力回流行为决策的直接和间接影响机制,进一步验证了农村劳动力迁移过程中“三文鱼偏误效应”的存在。研究发现,总体来看健康水平越低,外出劳动力的回流倾向越高;健康水平通过影响受访者的劳动竞争力而对回流决策产生直接影响;健康水平通过改变受访者的个体特征、社会经济特征等对回流决策产生间接影响;分性别来看,健康水平对女性劳动力回流决策的影响显著高于男性,这表明健康水平会制约劳动力的迁移输出,长期来看不利于城镇化的全面推进。因此,可以通过推进户籍制度改革、提高医疗保险异地报销适用性以及加强公共卫生财政资金向农村地区倾斜等政策之间的协同作用,来降低劳动者的健康风险,提升其健康人力资本。With the Chinese Household Income Project(CHIP)survey data,selecting self-rated health measurement as a gauge of health status,using four nested logit models,this paper makes an empirical analysis on the direct and indirect mechanism of health affecting the rural labor force’s decision to return to rural areas,which further verifies the existence of“salmon bias effect”on their migration.The study finds that the lower the health status is,the greater the tendency of returning;health status can directly affect the decision to return by influencing the labor competitiveness of migrants surveyed in the study and indirectly affect the decision by changing their individual characteristics and socio-economic characteristics.In addition,the effect of health status on the decision of female migrants is significantly higher than that on male migrants.These results indicate that health will restrict the migration of rural labor force,which will do harm to the comprehensive urbanization over long term.Therefore,the governments can promote the reform of the registered residence system,improve the applicability of health insurance reimbursement regardless of the locality,and weight the public health financial funds toward rural areas,value the integrated effect of these policies,and then reduce the health risk of migrant workers and raise their health human capital.

关 键 词：农村外出劳动力 回流 健康人力资本 三文鱼偏误效应 

分 类 号：F232.6[经济管理—会计学]