2015—2020年上海市普陀区猩红热流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Putuo District,Shanghai from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：王庆荟 崔燕[1] 孔令娜[1] 王瑞[1] 桑灏[1] 蒋潇丽 WANG Qinghui;CUI Yan;KONG Lingna;WANG Rui;SANG Hao;JIANG Xiaoli(Putuo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200333,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市普陀区疾病预防控制中心,上海200333

出　　处：《上海预防医学》2022年第6期559-562,共4页Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：上海市普陀区公共卫生重点学科和专项课题(2019PT07)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析2015—2020年上海市普陀区猩红热流行特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。【方法】上海市普陀区2015年1月1日—2020年12月31日猩红热病例数据来源于中国疾病预防控制中心传染病报告信息管理系统。应用描述性流行病学分析方法分析上海市普陀区猩红热病例在时间、人群和地区分布的流行病学特征。【结果】2015—2020年上海市普陀区共报告猩红热病例586例,年平均报告发病率为7.39/10万,平均发病年龄为(6.2±1.8)岁,男女性别比例为1.6∶1。2020年猩红热发病率出现明显的下降,比2015—2020年平均报告发病率低5.44/10万。发病高峰在每年的4—6月、11—次年1月,呈春、冬两季高发特点;病例的年龄集中分布在4~9岁,以幼托儿童和学生为主;报告发病率较高的地区为万里街道、长征镇、桃浦镇和长风新村街道。【结论】上海市普陀区猩红热发病高峰在每年的4—6月、11—次年1月,以幼托儿童和学生为发病的重点人群。应在猩红热高发季节前,加强托幼机构和学校应疫情监测和防控指导,以有效预防疾病流行。[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Putuo District,Shanghai from 2015 to 2020,and provide a basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.[Methods]The data of scarlet fever cases from January 1,2015 to December 31,2020 in Putuo District,Shanghai were obtained from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System of the Chinese center for disease control and prevention(CDC). Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Putuo District,Shanghai by time,population,and region.[Results]A total of 586 scarlet fever cases were reported in Putuo District from 2015 to 2020,with an average annual reported incidence of 7.39 per 105,an average age of onset of 6.2±1.8 years,and a male/female ratio of 1.6∶1. The incidence of scarlet fever has declined significantly in 2020,which was 5.44 per 105lower than the average reported incidence in 2015-2020. The incidence peak was from April to June and November to January of the following year,which was characterized by high incidence in spring and winter. The age distribution of cases was concentrated at the age of 4-9 years,mainly children in kindergarten and primary school students. Areas with high reported incidence rates were Wanli Street,Changzheng Town,Taopu Town and Changfeng New Village Street.[Conclusion]The peak incidence of scarlet fever in Putuo District is from April to June and November to January of the following year,with children in kindergartens and students in primary school as the key populations. We should strengthen epidemic monitoring and guidance of prevention and control for in kindergartens and schools before the high incidence season of scarlet fever,so as to effectively prevent the epidemic of the disease.

关 键 词：猩红热 流行病学特征 防控重点 防控措施 上海 

分 类 号：R515.5[医药卫生—内科学]