东北地区15种树种生长土壤肥力质量分析  

Analysis of soil fertility quality of 15 tree species in Northeast China

作　　者：杨磊 赵清竹 王兴昌[2] 柳霖 银箫 傅民杰[1] YANG Lei;ZHAO Qingzhu;WANG Xingchang;LIU Lin;YIN Xiao;FU Minjie(Agricultural College of Yanbian University,Yanji Jilin 133002,China;Center for Ecological Research,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133002 [2]东北林业大学生态研究中心,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《延边大学农学学报》2022年第2期36-46,共11页Agricultural Science Journal of Yanbian University

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点科技研发项目(20180201076SF);国家自然科学基金项目(31560202)。

摘　　要：为探究东北地区不同树种土壤肥力质量变化,在黑龙江省穆棱市林业局和平林场,选择15种东北典型树种并取其冠下土壤作为研究对象,采取野外调查取样与室内分析相结合的方法,考查了8项土壤肥力指标,并通过综合指数法(IFI)对不同树种的土壤肥力质量进行评估。结果表明:1)所有树种的土壤属于酸性非盐渍化土,辽东凯木(MC)和水曲柳(SQL)的土壤pH值和EC指标较低,具有较强的耐酸性特征以及对土壤pH值的调节能力;胡桃楸(HTQ)与东北槭(B)的土壤pH值和EC指标较高,耐酸性较弱;2)东北槭(B)与辽东凯木(MC)的土壤TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TC 3个肥力指标表现相近,均高于其他树种,且3个指标间显著相关,胡桃楸(HTQ)与臭冷杉(CLS)的土壤TP含量较高;大果榆(HY)的土壤TK含量较高,对不同环境的适应性较强;3)采用综合指数法(IFI)对不同树种的肥力质量进行评估显示,东北槭(B)树种的土壤养分充足,肥力最高;黑桦(HH)树种土壤肥力表现最差,各树种土壤肥力排序为:东北槭(B)>辽东凯木(MC)>臭冷杉(CLS)>软枣猕猴桃(RZ)>山槐(SH)>胡桃楸(HTQ)>水曲柳(SQL)>紫椴(ZD)=落叶松(LYS)>红豆杉(HDS)>大果榆(HY)>红松(HS)>朝鲜柳(L)>蒙古栎(MGL)>黑桦(HH)。To explore the changes of soil fertility quality of different tree species in Northeast China,this study investigated 8 indexes of fertilizer in soil under canopies of 15 typical trees pecies in Heping Forest Farm of Muling Forestry Bureau of Heilongjiang Provinceto evaluate the soil fertility quality using the comprehensive index method(IFI)after field-sampling and lab-analysis.The result showed that the soil of all tree species belonged to acidic non-salinized soil;pH and EC in solid of Alnus hirsuta and Fraxinus mandshurica were low,which strongly resisted to acid and could adjust the soil pH;the values of pH and EC in soil of Juglans mandshurica and Acer mandshuricum were high,and both threes were acid-intolerance.The TN,NH_(4)^(+),and TC in soil are closely related,which the values were similar in soil of A.mandshuricum and A.hirsuta,but higher than those in soil of other tree species.The contents of TP in soil of J.mandshurica and Abies nephrolepis,and that of TK in soil of Ulmus macrocarpa was high,which U.macrocarpa had a high adaptability to different environments.The result of comprehensive evaluation by IFI indicated that the soil of A.mandshuricum had sufficient nutrient with the highest fertility whereas the fertility in the soil of Betula dahurica was the lowest.The order of soil fertility was:A.mandshuricum>A.hirsuta>A.nephrolepis>Actinidia arguta>Albizia kallora>J.mandshurica>F.mandshurica>Tilia amurensis or Larix gmelinii>Taxus cuspidata>U.macrocarpa>Salix koreensis>B.dahurica.

关 键 词：森林土壤 土壤肥力 综合指数法 土壤质量评价 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]