一种基于FPGA的多模式微纳遥感相机设计  

Design of a Multi-mode Micro-nano Remote Sensing Camera Based on FPGA

作　　者：张原野[1] 刘增龙 吴建福[1] 关晨辉 彭呈祥 ZHANG Yuanye;LIU Zenglong;WU Jianfu;GUAN Chenhui;PENG Chengxiang(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《长春理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期75-81,共7页Journal of Changchun University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：针对传统遥感相机体积大、工作模式单一等问题,提出了一种基于FPGA的微纳遥感成像系统,系统采用Xilinx XC7K410T FPGA作为主控芯片,实现了快速自动曝光算法、数字TDI推扫算法、高性能Bayer图像压缩等算法,解决了传统微纳遥感相机Bayer图像数据压缩效率低、高效数字TDI实现困难及自动曝光运算收敛慢等问题。该相机系统整机重量2.8 kg,在500 km轨道上实现了对地2 m分辨率成像,同时实现了1~25级可调节数字TDI推扫成像,7 920×6 004全画幅拍照成像和25帧/s的1 920×1 080凝视视频成像,相机在轨实测自动曝光收敛速度小于4帧,图像压缩质量和Bayer图像数字TDI效果优异。该相机系统具有体积小、重量轻、功能强、可靠性好等优点,可被搭载于各种航天器智能遥感系统中。Aiming at the problems of large size and single working mode of traditional remote sensing camera,this paper proposes a micro-nano remote sensing imaging system based on FPGA. Xilinx XC7K410T FPGA is used as the main control chip. Fast automatic exposure algorithm,digital TDI push and sweep algorithm,high-performance Bayer image compression algorithm are realized,which solves the problems such as low compression efficiency of Bayer image data of traditional micro-nano remote sensing camera,difficult implementation of efficient digital TDI and slow convergence of automatic exposure operation. The overall weight of the camera system is 2.8 kg,and it can achieve 2 m resolution imaging of the earth at 500 km orbit. At the same time,it can also achieve 1~25 level adjustable digital TDI push and sweep imaging,7 920×6 004 full frame photography imaging and 1 920×1 080 gaze video imaging at 25 fps. The convergence speed of the camera in orbit is less than 4 frames,and the image compression quality and Bayer image digital TDI effect are excellent. The camera system has the advantages of small size,light weight,strong function and good reliability,and can be carried in various spacecraft intelligent remote sensing system.

关 键 词：微纳遥感相机 推扫成像 视频成像 FPGA 高集成度 

分 类 号：TH741[机械工程—光学工程]