老年预期寿命与健康预期寿命占比对收入不平等影响的实证研究  

An Empirical Study on the Impact of Life Expectancy and Proportion of Health Life Expectancy on Income Inequality

作　　者：王维国[1] 付裕 刘丰 WANG Weiguo;FU Yu;LIU Feng(School of Economics,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,China;Institute of Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学经济学院,大连116025 [2]上海社会科学院经济研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《计量经济学报》2022年第2期314-340,共27页China Journal of Econometrics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71773012);国家社会科学基金后期资助优秀博士论文出版项目(21FYB026);上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2020EJB004)。

摘　　要：老年预期寿命延长且带病生存问题日益凸显,为实现共同富裕需要厘清其对收入不平等的影响.文章利用2000-2015年114个国家的跨国面板数据实证分析老年预期寿命和健康预期寿命占比对收入不平等的影响.结果表明,老年预期寿命和健康预期寿命占比会通过储蓄率、劳动供给和技术进步影响收入不平等,进而表现为收入不平等随老年预期寿命延长呈先降后增的U型关系,以及老年健康预期寿命占比提升能够显著地降低收入不平等.就中国而言,老年预期寿命在2000-2015年间降低不平等0.986~1.490个点,而在此期间下降的老年健康预期寿命占比提高了不平等0.223~0.458个点.当前中国仍处于预期寿命延长促进共同富裕的时间窗口期,要提前预防未来老人预期寿命持续延长带来的不平等问题;提高老年预期寿命的同时要更加重视提高老年健康预期寿命占比,提升老年人的生命质量,防止出现贫病交加境况,实现全民意义上的共同富裕.Longevity with age-related chronic deceases is becoming increasingly conspicuous,and it is important to clarify its impact on income inequality to realize common prosperity.This paper uses cross-country panel data of 114 countries from 2000 to 2015 to empirically analyze the impact of life expectancy and proportion of health life expectancy on income inequality.The results show that the extension of the life expectancy and health life expectancy of the elderly will affect income inequality through saving rate,labor force supply and total factor productivity,which shows a U-shaped relationship between income inequality and life expectancy and the improvement of the proportion of health life expectancy of the elderly can significantly reduce income inequality.Taking China as an example,the extension of life expectancy in China can reduce inequality by 0.986 to 1.490 points between 2000 and 2015,while the declining proportion of health life expectancy has increased inequality by 0.223 to 0.458 points at the same period.The conclusions enlighten that China is still in the window period for longevity to promote common prosperity,and it is important to take precautions in advance for the inequality caused by longevity in the long run.To promote life expectancy of the elderly and realize common prosperity,policy makers should pay more attention to healthy survival and survival quality,preventing the emergence of poverty and disease.

关 键 词：老年健康 收入不平等 预期寿命 健康预期寿命占比 

分 类 号：F113.8[经济管理—国际贸易] D669.6[经济管理—世界经济]