Arctic’s man-made impervious surfaces expanded by over two-thirds in the 21st century  

21世纪以来北极人造不透水地表面积扩张接近七成

作　　者：Chong Liu Huabing Huang Qi Zhang Xuanzhu Chen Xiaoqing Xu Hanzeyu Xu Xiao Cheng 刘冲;黄华兵;张琦;陈宣竹;徐晓晴;徐涵泽宇;程晓(School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China;Department of Geography,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill NC 27599,USA;School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences,Iowa State University,Ames IA 50011,USA)

机构地区：[1]School of Geospatial Engineering and Science,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China [2]Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519000,China [3]Department of Geography,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill NC 27599,USA [4]School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China [5]Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences,Iowa State University,Ames IA 50011,USA

出　　处：《Science Bulletin》2022年第14期1425-1429,M0003,共6页科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2019YFC1509104,2019YFC1509105,and 2018YFC1407103);Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2022A1515010924);the Annual Report(2022)on Remote Sensing Monitoring of Global Ecosystems and Environment(TC210E01B)。

摘　　要：The Arctic,located at the northernmost part of the Earth,plays a disproportionately crucial role in regulating global climate and affecting the surface energy balance[1].Over the past decades,a multitude of environmental changes have been observed in the terrestrial section of the Arctic,including permafrost thawing,land ice retreat,and vegetation greening/browning.These changes not only threat the delicate network of the high-latitude biomes,but also influence human communities far beyond the Arctic limits[2].随着气候变暖和社会经济发展,北极地区的人类活动范围不断扩大,对生态系统的扰动程度持续加深,导致北极自然环境变化,并可能引发或加重气候变化效应.人造不透水地表是表征人类活动足迹的重要指标,卫星遥感是获取大面积人造不透水地表变化信息的唯一手段.但目前对北极人造不透水地面的时空变化规律和机理认识仍不清楚.为此,本研究基于16万余幅Landsat影像,实现了横跨1999~2018年的全北极陆域人造不透水地表逐年制图.研究结果表明,在过去的20年,北极人造不透水地表的面积增长幅度接近70%.其中,俄罗斯的新增人造不透水地表面积超过其他北极国家的总和.在变化驱动机制方面,绝大部分的北极人造不透水地表扩张源于工业及交通设施建设.

关 键 词：社会经济发展 不透水地表 自然环境变化 交通设施建设 人类活动范围 驱动机制 机理认识 北极 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P237