新能源发电价格补贴政策回顾与完善激励机制的建议  

A Retrospect of Renewable Electricity Price Subsidy Policy and Suggestion on Improving the Incentive System of New Energy Electricity

作　　者：戴慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心宏观经济研究部

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2022年第3期22-25,共4页Price:Theory & Practice

摘　　要：从2006年开始我国对新能源发电实行价格补贴政策,但随着新能源发电成本的大幅下降,从2019年起国家开始规模推进风光电平价上网。在新能源电力价格补贴逐步取消的同时,仍面临一些挑战。其中,包括可再生能源发展基金入不敷出;因煤炭和电力价格形成机制尚存问题,新能源发电价格优势仍不突出;价格补贴取消后,促进我国能源结构转型需要进一步完善新能源发电激励机制。在借鉴美国对新能源电力的财税激励机制经验基础上,本文提出完善新能源发电激励机制的建议:一是补充可再生能源发展基金,适当调整新能源价格补贴政策;二是利用好清洁能源发展基金等多种机制,促进公私部门对新能源发电项目的投资;三是可适当补充一些对新能源发电的税收激励措施。China started to offer price subsidy for renewable electricity production at 2006.But as the cost of renewable electricity production decreased,NDRC has started to stop such subsidy to new authorized onshore wind power and photovoltaic power since 2019,and planned to stop subsidizing new approved offshore wind power in 2022.Although the subsidy has been stopped step by step,there are still some problems.For instance,the renewable energy development fund has been behind in payment of previous price subsidies;the price advantage of new energy is still not obvious for the price of coal power is often underestimated;alternative motivation mechanism shortage is not good for energy and electricity structure adjustment of the country to cope with climate change.After analyzing the fiscal incentives for renewable energy in U.S.,advices are given to consummate the incentive system for new energy of China.First,supplement renewable energy development fund,solve the default step by step.Second,make good use of clean energy development fund and other mechanisms,facilitate new energy electricity investment.Third,consider adding tax incentives for renewable electricity.

关 键 词：新能源发电 价格补贴 税收激励 清洁能源发展基金 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济] F812.45